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DBMS > Firebird vs. IBM Db2 vs. SQLite vs. SurrealDB

System Properties Comparison Firebird vs. IBM Db2 vs. SQLite vs. SurrealDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameFirebird  Xexclude from comparisonIBM Db2 infoformerly named DB2 or IBM Database 2  Xexclude from comparisonSQLite  Xexclude from comparisonSurrealDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionFirebird is an open source RDBMS forked from Borland's InterBaseCommon in IBM host environments, 2 different versions for host and Windows/LinuxWidely used embeddable, in-process RDBMSA fully ACID transactional, developer-friendly, multi-model DBMS
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infoSince Version 10.5 support for JSON/BSON documents compatible with MongoDBRelational DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
RDF store infoin Db2 LUW (Linux, Unix, Windows)
Spatial DBMS infowith Db2 Spatial Extender
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score19.46
Rank#30  Overall
#18  Relational DBMS
Score123.05
Rank#9  Overall
#6  Relational DBMS
Score103.35
Rank#10  Overall
#7  Relational DBMS
Score1.11
Rank#174  Overall
#30  Document stores
#17  Graph DBMS
Websitewww.firebirdsql.orgwww.ibm.com/­products/­db2www.sqlite.orgsurrealdb.com
Technical documentationwww.firebirdsql.org/­en/­reference-manualswww.ibm.com/­docs/­en/­db2www.sqlite.org/­docs.htmlsurrealdb.com/­docs
DeveloperFirebird FoundationIBMDwayne Richard HippSurrealDB Ltd
Initial release2000 infoAs fork of Borland's InterBase1983 infohost version20002022
Current release5.0.1, August 202412.1, October 20163.46.1  (13 August 2024), August 2024v1.5.0, May 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoInitial Developer's Public Licensecommercial infofree version is availableOpen Source infoPublic DomainOpen Source
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC and C++C and C++CRust
Server operating systemsAIX
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
server-less infoFirebird Embedded Server
Solaris
Unix
Windows
AIX
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows
z/OS
server-lessLinux
macOS
Windows
Data schemeyesyesyes infodynamic column typesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyes infonot rigid because of 'dynamic typing' concept.yes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.no
Secondary indexesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesyesyes infoSQL-92 is not fully supportedSQL-like query language
APIs and other access methodsADO.NET
C/C++ API
JDBC infoJaybird
ODBC
OLE DB
ADO.NET
JDBC
JSON style queries infoMongoDB compatible
ODBC
XQuery
ADO.NET infoinofficial driver
JDBC infoinofficial driver
ODBC infoinofficial driver
GraphQL
RESTful HTTP API
WebSocket
Supported programming languagesC
C#
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Lua
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
C
C#
C++
Cobol
Delphi
Fortran
Java
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Visual Basic
Actionscript
Ada
Basic
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Forth
Fortran
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Lua
MatLab
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
PL/SQL
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Scheme
Smalltalk
Tcl
Deno
Go
JavaScript (Node.js)
Rust
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresPSQLyesno
Triggersyesyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneSharding infoonly with Windows/Unix/Linux Versionnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesSource-replica replicationyes infowith separate tools (MQ, InfoSphere)none
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononono
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayes infoFeatures a multi-generational MVCC architecture, readers do not block writersyesyes infovia file-system locksyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yes
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers with fine-grained authorization conceptfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardnoyes, based on authentication and database rules

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More resources
FirebirdIBM Db2 infoformerly named DB2 or IBM Database 2SQLiteSurrealDB
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