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DBMS > Firebird vs. IBM Db2 vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. Milvus vs. Vitess

System Properties Comparison Firebird vs. IBM Db2 vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. Milvus vs. Vitess

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameFirebird  Xexclude from comparisonIBM Db2 infoformerly named DB2 or IBM Database 2  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft SQL Server  Xexclude from comparisonMilvus  Xexclude from comparisonVitess  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionFirebird is an open source RDBMS forked from Borland's InterBaseCommon in IBM host environments, 2 different versions for host and Windows/LinuxMicrosofts flagship relational DBMSA DBMS designed for efficient storage of vector data and vector similarity searchesScalable, distributed, cloud-native DBMS, extending MySQL
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infoSince Version 10.5 support for JSON/BSON documents compatible with MongoDBRelational DBMSVector DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
RDF store infoin Db2 LUW (Linux, Unix, Windows)
Spatial DBMS infowith Db2 Spatial Extender
Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Document store
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score20.82
Rank#30  Overall
#18  Relational DBMS
Score128.46
Rank#8  Overall
#5  Relational DBMS
Score824.29
Rank#3  Overall
#3  Relational DBMS
Score2.31
Rank#113  Overall
#3  Vector DBMS
Score0.82
Rank#209  Overall
#97  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.firebirdsql.orgwww.ibm.com/­products/­db2www.microsoft.com/­en-us/­sql-servermilvus.iovitess.io
Technical documentationwww.firebirdsql.org/­en/­reference-manualswww.ibm.com/­docs/­en/­db2learn.microsoft.com/­en-US/­sql/­sql-servermilvus.io/­docs/­overview.mdvitess.io/­docs
DeveloperFirebird FoundationIBMMicrosoftThe Linux Foundation, PlanetScale
Initial release2000 infoAs fork of Borland's InterBase1983 infohost version198920192013
Current release5.0.0, January 202412.1, October 2016SQL Server 2022, November 20222.3.4, January 202415.0.2, December 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoInitial Developer's Public Licensecommercial infofree version is availablecommercial inforestricted free version is availableOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0Open Source infoApache Version 2.0, commercial licenses available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
SQLServer Flex @ STACKIT offers a managed version of SQL Server with adjustable CPU, RAM, storage amount and speed, in enterprise grade to perfectly match all application requirements. All services are 100% GDPR-compliant.Zilliz Cloud – Cloud-native service for Milvus
Implementation languageC and C++C and C++C++C++, GoGo
Server operating systemsAIX
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
server-less infoFirebird Embedded Server
Solaris
Unix
Windows
AIX
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows
z/OS
Linux
Windows
Linux
macOS info10.14 or later
Windows infowith WSL 2 enabled
Docker
Linux
macOS
Data schemeyesyesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesVector, Numeric and Stringyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesno
Secondary indexesyesyesyesnoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesyesyesnoyes infowith proprietary extensions
APIs and other access methodsADO.NET
C/C++ API
JDBC infoJaybird
ODBC
OLE DB
ADO.NET
JDBC
JSON style queries infoMongoDB compatible
ODBC
XQuery
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)
RESTful HTTP APIADO.NET
JDBC
MySQL protocol
ODBC
Supported programming languagesC
C#
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Lua
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
C
C#
C++
Cobol
Delphi
Fortran
Java
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Visual Basic
C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresPSQLyesTransact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Javanoyes infoproprietary syntax
Triggersyesyesyesnoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneSharding infoonly with Windows/Unix/Linux Versiontables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federationShardingSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesSource-replica replicationyes infowith separate tools (MQ, InfoSphere)yes, but depending on the SQL-Server EditionMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyBounded Staleness
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Session Consistency
Tunable Consistency
Eventual Consistency across shards
Immediate Consistency within a shard
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyesyesnoyes infonot for MyISAM storage engine
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDnoACID at shard level
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayes infoFeatures a multi-generational MVCC architecture, readers do not block writersyesyesyesyes infotable locks or row locks depending on storage engine
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers with fine-grained authorization conceptfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardRole based access control and fine grained access rightsUsers with fine-grained authorization concept infono user groups or roles
More information provided by the system vendor
FirebirdIBM Db2 infoformerly named DB2 or IBM Database 2Microsoft SQL ServerMilvusVitess
Specific characteristicsMilvus is an open-source and cloud-native vector database built for production-ready...
» more
Competitive advantagesHighly available, versatile, and robust with millisecond latency. Supports batch...
» more
Typical application scenariosRAG: retrieval augmented generation Video media : video understanding, video deduplication....
» more
Key customersMilvus is trusted by thousands of enterprises, including PayPal, eBay, IKEA, LINE,...
» more
Market metricsAs of January 2024, 25k+ GitHub stars 10M+ downloads and installations​ ​ 3k+ enterprise...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsMilvus was released under the open-source Apache License 2.0 in October 2019. Fully-managed...
» more

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More resources
FirebirdIBM Db2 infoformerly named DB2 or IBM Database 2Microsoft SQL ServerMilvusVitess
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