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DBMS > Firebird vs. IBM Cloudant vs. IBM Db2 vs. Ingres vs. PostgreSQL

System Properties Comparison Firebird vs. IBM Cloudant vs. IBM Db2 vs. Ingres vs. PostgreSQL

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameFirebird  Xexclude from comparisonIBM Cloudant  Xexclude from comparisonIBM Db2 infoformerly named DB2 or IBM Database 2  Xexclude from comparisonIngres  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionFirebird is an open source RDBMS forked from Borland's InterBaseDatabase as a Service offering based on Apache CouchDBCommon in IBM host environments, 2 different versions for host and Windows/LinuxWell established RDBMSWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQL
Primary database modelRelational DBMSDocument storeRelational DBMS infoSince Version 10.5 support for JSON/BSON documents compatible with MongoDBRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.
Secondary database modelsDocument store
RDF store infoin Db2 LUW (Linux, Unix, Windows)
Spatial DBMS infowith Db2 Spatial Extender
Document store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score20.50
Rank#30  Overall
#18  Relational DBMS
Score2.75
Rank#104  Overall
#19  Document stores
Score125.90
Rank#9  Overall
#6  Relational DBMS
Score3.80
Rank#82  Overall
#44  Relational DBMS
Score636.25
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.firebirdsql.orgwww.ibm.com/­products/­cloudantwww.ibm.com/­products/­db2www.actian.com/­databases/­ingreswww.postgresql.org
Technical documentationwww.firebirdsql.org/­en/­reference-manualscloud.ibm.com/­docs/­Cloudantwww.ibm.com/­docs/­en/­db2docs.actian.com/­ingreswww.postgresql.org/­docs
DeveloperFirebird FoundationIBM, Apache Software Foundation infoIBM acquired Cloudant in February 2014IBMActian CorporationPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developer
Initial release2000 infoAs fork of Borland's InterBase20101983 infohost version1974 infooriginally developed at University Berkely in early 1970s1989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL
Current release5.0.0, January 202412.1, October 201611.2, May 202216.3, May 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoInitial Developer's Public Licensecommercialcommercial infofree version is availablecommercialOpen Source infoBSD
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC and C++ErlangC and C++CC
Server operating systemsAIX
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
server-less infoFirebird Embedded Server
Solaris
Unix
Windows
hostedAIX
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows
z/OS
AIX
HP Open VMS
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-freeyesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesnoyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nono infobut tools for importing/exporting data from/to XML-files availableyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesnoyesyesyes infostandard with numerous extensions
APIs and other access methodsADO.NET
C/C++ API
JDBC infoJaybird
ODBC
OLE DB
RESTful HTTP/JSON APIADO.NET
JDBC
JSON style queries infoMongoDB compatible
ODBC
XQuery
.NET Client API
JDBC
ODBC
proprietary protocol (OpenAPI)
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
Supported programming languagesC
C#
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Lua
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
C#
Java
JavaScript
Objective-C
PHP
Ruby
C
C#
C++
Cobol
Delphi
Fortran
Java
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Visual Basic
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresPSQLView functions (Map-Reduce) in JavaScriptyesyesuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.
Triggersyesyesyesyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingSharding infoonly with Windows/Unix/Linux Versionhorizontal partitioning infoIngres Star to access multiple databases simultaneouslypartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hash
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesSource-replica replicationMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
yes infowith separate tools (MQ, InfoSphere)Ingres ReplicatorSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensions
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyesnonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnoyesyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDno infoatomic operations within a document possibleACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayes infoFeatures a multi-generational MVCC architecture, readers do not block writersyes infoOptimistic lockingyesyes infoMVCCyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonono
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers with fine-grained authorization conceptAccess rights for users can be defined per databasefine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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