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DBMS > Firebird vs. HyperSQL vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. RavenDB vs. SAP Adaptive Server

System Properties Comparison Firebird vs. HyperSQL vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. RavenDB vs. SAP Adaptive Server

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameFirebird  Xexclude from comparisonHyperSQL infoalso known as HSQLDB  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft SQL Server  Xexclude from comparisonRavenDB  Xexclude from comparisonSAP Adaptive Server infoformer name: Sybase ASE  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionFirebird is an open source RDBMS forked from Borland's InterBaseMultithreaded, transactional RDBMS written in Java infoalso known as HSQLDBMicrosofts flagship relational DBMSOpen Source Operational and Transactional Enterprise NoSQL Document DatabaseThe SAP (Sybase) Adaptive Server Enterprise (ASE) is an enterprise-class RDBMS
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSDocument storeRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Time Series DBMS
Spatial DBMS infowith Boeing's Spatial Query Server
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score20.50
Rank#30  Overall
#18  Relational DBMS
Score3.23
Rank#93  Overall
#48  Relational DBMS
Score821.56
Rank#3  Overall
#3  Relational DBMS
Score2.84
Rank#101  Overall
#18  Document stores
Score35.09
Rank#25  Overall
#17  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.firebirdsql.orghsqldb.orgwww.microsoft.com/­en-us/­sql-serverravendb.netwww.sap.com/­products/­technology-platform/­sybase-ase.html
Technical documentationwww.firebirdsql.org/­en/­reference-manualshsqldb.org/­web/­hsqlDocsFrame.htmllearn.microsoft.com/­en-US/­sql/­sql-serverravendb.net/­docshelp.sap.com/­docs/­SAP_ASE
DeveloperFirebird FoundationMicrosoftHibernating RhinosSAP, Sybase
Initial release2000 infoAs fork of Borland's InterBase2001198920101987
Current release5.0.0, January 20242.7.2, June 2023SQL Server 2022, November 20225.4, July 202216.0
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoInitial Developer's Public LicenseOpen Source infobased on BSD licensecommercial inforestricted free version is availableOpen Source infoAGPL version 3, commercial license availablecommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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SQLServer Flex @ STACKIT offers a managed version of SQL Server with adjustable CPU, RAM, storage amount and speed, in enterprise grade to perfectly match all application requirements. All services are 100% GDPR-compliant.
Implementation languageC and C++JavaC++C#C and C++
Server operating systemsAIX
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
server-less infoFirebird Embedded Server
Solaris
Unix
Windows
All OS with a Java VM infoEmbedded (into Java applications) and Client-Server operating modesLinux
Windows
Linux
macOS
Raspberry Pi
Windows
AIX
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Data schemeyesyesyesschema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesnoyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyesno
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesyesyesSQL-like query language (RQL)yes
APIs and other access methodsADO.NET
C/C++ API
JDBC infoJaybird
ODBC
OLE DB
HTTP API infoJDBC via HTTP
JDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)
.NET Client API
F# Client API
Go Client API
Java Client API
NodeJS Client API
PHP Client API
Python Client API
RESTful HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)
Supported programming languagesC
C#
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Lua
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC
Java
C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic
.Net
C#
F#
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
C
C++
Cobol
Java
Java
Perl
PHP
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresPSQLJava, SQLTransact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) JavayesJava and Transact-SQL
Triggersyesyesyesyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonenonetables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federationShardinghorizontal partitioning
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesSource-replica replicationnoneyes, but depending on the SQL-Server EditionMulti-source replicationMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononoyesno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyDefault ACID transactions on the local node (eventually consistent across the cluster). Atomic operations with cluster-wide ACID transactions. Eventual consistency for indexes and full-text search indexes.Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyesyesnoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDACID, Cluster-wide transaction availableACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayes infoFeatures a multi-generational MVCC architecture, readers do not block writersyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers with fine-grained authorization conceptfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAuthorization levels configured per client per databasefine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
FirebirdHyperSQL infoalso known as HSQLDBMicrosoft SQL ServerRavenDBSAP Adaptive Server infoformer name: Sybase ASE
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