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DBMS > Firebird vs. GraphDB vs. IBM Db2 vs. Microsoft SQL Server

System Properties Comparison Firebird vs. GraphDB vs. IBM Db2 vs. Microsoft SQL Server

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameFirebird  Xexclude from comparisonGraphDB infoformer name: OWLIM  Xexclude from comparisonIBM Db2 infoformerly named DB2 or IBM Database 2  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft SQL Server  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionFirebird is an open source RDBMS forked from Borland's InterBaseEnterprise-ready RDF and graph database with efficient reasoning, cluster and external index synchronization support. It supports also SQL JDBC access to Knowledge Graph and GraphQL over SPARQL.Common in IBM host environments, 2 different versions for host and Windows/LinuxMicrosofts flagship relational DBMS
Primary database modelRelational DBMSGraph DBMS
RDF store
Relational DBMS infoSince Version 10.5 support for JSON/BSON documents compatible with MongoDBRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
RDF store infoin Db2 LUW (Linux, Unix, Windows)
Spatial DBMS infowith Db2 Spatial Extender
Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score20.50
Rank#30  Overall
#18  Relational DBMS
Score3.25
Rank#91  Overall
#7  Graph DBMS
#4  RDF stores
Score125.90
Rank#9  Overall
#6  Relational DBMS
Score821.56
Rank#3  Overall
#3  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.firebirdsql.orgwww.ontotext.comwww.ibm.com/­products/­db2www.microsoft.com/­en-us/­sql-server
Technical documentationwww.firebirdsql.org/­en/­reference-manualsgraphdb.ontotext.com/­documentationwww.ibm.com/­docs/­en/­db2learn.microsoft.com/­en-US/­sql/­sql-server
Social network pagesLinkedInTwitterYouTubeGitHubMedium
DeveloperFirebird FoundationOntotextIBMMicrosoft
Initial release2000 infoAs fork of Borland's InterBase20001983 infohost version1989
Current release5.0.0, January 202410.4, October 202312.1, October 2016SQL Server 2022, November 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoInitial Developer's Public Licensecommercial infoSome plugins of GraphDB Workbench are open sourcedcommercial infofree version is availablecommercial inforestricted free version is available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC and C++JavaC and C++C++
Server operating systemsAIX
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
server-less infoFirebird Embedded Server
Solaris
Unix
Windows
All OS with a Java VM
Linux
OS X
Windows
AIX
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows
z/OS
Linux
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema support; RDF shapesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyes
Secondary indexesyesyes, supports real-time synchronization and indexing in SOLR/Elastic search/Lucene and GeoSPARQL geometry data indexesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesstored SPARQL accessed as SQL using Apache Calcite through JDBC/ODBCyesyes
APIs and other access methodsADO.NET
C/C++ API
JDBC infoJaybird
ODBC
OLE DB
GeoSPARQL
GraphQL
GraphQL Federation
Java API
JDBC
RDF4J API
RDFS
RIO
Sail API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL 1.1
ADO.NET
JDBC
JSON style queries infoMongoDB compatible
ODBC
XQuery
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)
Supported programming languagesC
C#
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Lua
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
C#
Clojure
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
C
C#
C++
Cobol
Delphi
Fortran
Java
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Visual Basic
C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresPSQLwell-defined plugin interfaces; JavaScript server-side extensibilityyesTransact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Java
Triggersyesnoyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonenoneSharding infoonly with Windows/Unix/Linux Versiontables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federation
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesSource-replica replicationMulti-source replicationyes infowith separate tools (MQ, InfoSphere)yes, but depending on the SQL-Server Edition
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate Consistency, Eventual consistency (configurable in cluster mode per master or individual client request)Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyes infoConstraint checkingyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayes infoFeatures a multi-generational MVCC architecture, readers do not block writersyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yes
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers with fine-grained authorization conceptDefault Basic authentication through RDF4J client, or via Java when run with cURL, default token-based in the Workbench or via Rest API, optional access through OpenID or Kerberos single sign-on.fine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard
More information provided by the system vendor
FirebirdGraphDB infoformer name: OWLIMIBM Db2 infoformerly named DB2 or IBM Database 2Microsoft SQL Server
Specific characteristicsOntotext GraphDB is a semantic database engine that allows organizations to build...
» more
Competitive advantagesGraphDB allows you to link text and data in big knowledge graphs. It’s easy to experiment...
» more
Typical application scenariosMetadata enrichment and management, linked data publishing, semantic inferencing...
» more
Key customers​ GraphDB provides a platform for building next-generation AI and Knowledge Graph...
» more
Market metricsGraphDB is the most utilized semantic triplestore for mission-critical enterprise...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsGraphDB Free is a non-commercial version and is free to use. GraphDB Enterprise edition...
» more
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More resources
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