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DBMS > Firebird vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. Hazelcast vs. Linter

System Properties Comparison Firebird vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. Hazelcast vs. Linter

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameFirebird  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonHazelcast  Xexclude from comparisonLinter  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionFirebird is an open source RDBMS forked from Borland's InterBaseA horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.A widely adopted in-memory data gridRDBMS for high security requirements
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSKey-value storeRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoJSON support with IMDG 3.12Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score20.50
Rank#30  Overall
#18  Relational DBMS
Score2.84
Rank#100  Overall
#51  Relational DBMS
Score5.46
Rank#61  Overall
#7  Key-value stores
Score0.12
Rank#350  Overall
#152  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.firebirdsql.orgcloud.google.com/­spannerhazelcast.comlinter.ru
Technical documentationwww.firebirdsql.org/­en/­reference-manualscloud.google.com/­spanner/­docshazelcast.org/­imdg/­docs
DeveloperFirebird FoundationGoogleHazelcastrelex.ru
Initial release2000 infoAs fork of Borland's InterBase201720081990
Current release5.0.0, January 20245.3.6, November 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoInitial Developer's Public LicensecommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2; commercial licenses availablecommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC and C++JavaC and C++
Server operating systemsAIX
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
server-less infoFirebird Embedded Server
Solaris
Unix
Windows
hostedAll OS with a Java VMAIX
Android
BSD
HP Open VMS
iOS
Linux
OS X
VxWorks
Windows
Data schemeyesyesschema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyes infothe object must implement a serialization strategyno
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011SQL-like query languageyes
APIs and other access methodsADO.NET
C/C++ API
JDBC infoJaybird
ODBC
OLE DB
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
JCache
JPA
Memcached protocol
RESTful HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
LINQ
ODBC
OLE DB
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)
Supported programming languagesC
C#
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Lua
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
.Net
C#
C++
Clojure
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Scala
C
C#
C++
Java
Perl
PHP
Python
Qt
Ruby
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresPSQLnoyes infoEvent Listeners, Executor Servicesyes infoproprietary syntax with the possibility to convert from PL/SQL
Triggersyesnoyes infoEventsyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingShardingnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesSource-replica replicationMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.yes infoReplicated MapSource-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflowyesno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency selectable by user infoRaft Consensus AlgorithmImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integritynoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACID infoStrict serializable isolationone or two-phase-commit; repeatable reads; read commitedACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayes infoFeatures a multi-generational MVCC architecture, readers do not block writersyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyes
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers with fine-grained authorization conceptAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)Role-based access controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
FirebirdGoogle Cloud SpannerHazelcastLinter
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