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DBMS > Firebird vs. FoundationDB vs. HyperSQL vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer

System Properties Comparison Firebird vs. FoundationDB vs. HyperSQL vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameFirebird  Xexclude from comparisonFoundationDB  Xexclude from comparisonHyperSQL infoalso known as HSQLDB  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparison
Created as commercial project in 2013, FoundationDB has been acquired by Apple in March 2015 and was withdrawn from the market. As a consequence, the product was removed from the DB-Engines ranking. In April 2018, Apple open-sourced FoundationDB and it therefore reappears in the ranking.
DescriptionFirebird is an open source RDBMS forked from Borland's InterBaseOrdered key-value store. Core features are complimented by layers.Multithreaded, transactional RDBMS written in Java infoalso known as HSQLDBFully managed big data interactive analytics platform
Primary database modelRelational DBMSDocument store infosupported via specific layer
Key-value store
Relational DBMS infosupported via specific SQL-layer
Relational DBMSRelational DBMS infocolumn oriented
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score20.50
Rank#30  Overall
#18  Relational DBMS
Score1.06
Rank#185  Overall
#31  Document stores
#28  Key-value stores
#85  Relational DBMS
Score3.23
Rank#93  Overall
#48  Relational DBMS
Score3.80
Rank#81  Overall
#43  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.firebirdsql.orggithub.com/­apple/­foundationdbhsqldb.orgazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorer
Technical documentationwww.firebirdsql.org/­en/­reference-manualsapple.github.io/­foundationdbhsqldb.org/­web/­hsqlDocsFrame.htmldocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer
DeveloperFirebird FoundationFoundationDBMicrosoft
Initial release2000 infoAs fork of Borland's InterBase201320012019
Current release5.0.0, January 20246.2.28, November 20202.7.2, June 2023cloud service with continuous releases
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoInitial Developer's Public LicenseOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infobased on BSD licensecommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononoyes
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC and C++C++Java
Server operating systemsAIX
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
server-less infoFirebird Embedded Server
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
All OS with a Java VM infoEmbedded (into Java applications) and Client-Server operating modeshosted
Data schemeyesschema-free infosome layers support schemasyesFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesno infosome layers support typingyesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyes
Secondary indexesyesnoyesall fields are automatically indexed
SQL infoSupport of SQLyessupported in specific SQL layer onlyyesKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subset
APIs and other access methodsADO.NET
C/C++ API
JDBC infoJaybird
ODBC
OLE DB
HTTP API infoJDBC via HTTP
JDBC
ODBC
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
Supported programming languagesC
C#
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Lua
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
PHP
Python
Ruby
Swift
All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC
Java
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresPSQLin SQL-layer onlyJava, SQLYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, R
Triggersyesnoyesyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicy
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingnoneSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud service
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesSource-replica replicationyesnoneyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononoSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-spark
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemLinearizable consistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesin SQL-layer onlyyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayes infoFeatures a multi-generational MVCC architecture, readers do not block writersyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesno
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers with fine-grained authorization conceptnofine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAzure Active Directory Authentication

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More resources
FirebirdFoundationDBHyperSQL infoalso known as HSQLDBMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer
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