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DBMS > Firebase Realtime Database vs. Neo4j vs. Sqrrl vs. Stardog vs. TimescaleDB

System Properties Comparison Firebase Realtime Database vs. Neo4j vs. Sqrrl vs. Stardog vs. TimescaleDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameFirebase Realtime Database  Xexclude from comparisonNeo4j  Xexclude from comparisonSqrrl  Xexclude from comparisonStardog  Xexclude from comparisonTimescaleDB  Xexclude from comparison
Sqrrl has been acquired by Amazon and became a part of Amazon Web Services. It has been removed from the DB-Engines ranking.
DescriptionCloud-hosted realtime document store. iOS, Android, and JavaScript clients share one Realtime Database instance and automatically receive updates with the newest data.Scalable, ACID-compliant graph database designed with a high-performance distributed cluster architecture, available in self-hosted and cloud offeringsAdaptable, secure NoSQL built on Apache AccumuloEnterprise Knowledge Graph platform and graph DBMS with high availability, high performance reasoning, and virtualizationA time series DBMS optimized for fast ingest and complex queries, based on PostgreSQL
Primary database modelDocument storeGraph DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Wide column store
Graph DBMS
RDF store
Time Series DBMS
Secondary database modelsRelational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score13.64
Rank#39  Overall
#6  Document stores
Score44.89
Rank#21  Overall
#1  Graph DBMS
Score2.07
Rank#122  Overall
#11  Graph DBMS
#6  RDF stores
Score4.46
Rank#71  Overall
#5  Time Series DBMS
Websitefirebase.google.com/­products/­realtime-databaseneo4j.comsqrrl.comwww.stardog.comwww.timescale.com
Technical documentationfirebase.google.com/­docs/­databaseneo4j.com/­docsdocs.stardog.comdocs.timescale.com
DeveloperGoogle infoacquired by Google 2014Neo4j, Inc.Amazon infooriginally Sqrrl Data, Inc.Stardog-UnionTimescale
Initial release20122007201220102017
Current release5.20, May 20247.3.0, May 20202.15.0, May 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoGPL version3, commercial licenses availablecommercialcommercial info60-day fully-featured trial license; 1-year fully-featured non-commercial use license for academics/studentsOpen Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Neo4j Aura: Neo4j’s fully managed cloud service: The zero-admin, always-on graph database for cloud developers.
Implementation languageJava, ScalaJavaJavaC
Server operating systemshostedLinux infoCan also be used server-less as embedded Java database.
OS X
Solaris
Windows
LinuxLinux
macOS
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeschema-free and schema-optionalschema-freeschema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema supportyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesnumerics, strings, booleans, arrays, JSON blobs, geospatial dimensions, currencies, binary data, other complex data types
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nono infoImport/export of XML data possibleyes
Secondary indexesyesyes infopluggable indexing subsystem, by default Apache Luceneyesyes infosupports real-time indexing in full-text and geospatialyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnononoYes, compatible with all major SQL variants through dedicated BI/SQL Serveryes infofull PostgreSQL SQL syntax
APIs and other access methodsAndroid
iOS
JavaScript API
RESTful HTTP API
Bolt protocol
Cypher query language
Java API
Neo4j-OGM infoObject Graph Mapper
RESTful HTTP API
Spring Data Neo4j
TinkerPop 3
Accumulo Shell
Java API
JDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API
Thrift
GraphQL query language
HTTP API
Jena RDF API
OWL
RDF4J API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SNARL
SPARQL
Spring Data
Stardog Studio
TinkerPop 3
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
Supported programming languagesJava
JavaScript
Objective-C
.Net
Clojure
Elixir
Go
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
Actionscript
C infousing GLib
C#
C++
Cocoa
Delphi
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Smalltalk
.Net
Clojure
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Python
Ruby
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored procedureslimited functionality with using 'rules'yes infoUser defined Procedures and Functionsnouser defined functions and aggregates, HTTP Server extensions in Javauser defined functions, PL/pgSQL, PL/Tcl, PL/Perl, PL/Python, PL/Java, PL/PHP, PL/R, PL/Ruby, PL/Scheme, PL/Unix shell
TriggersCallbacks are triggered when data changesyes infovia event handlernoyes infovia event handlersyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesyes using Neo4j FabricSharding infomaking use of Hadoopnoneyes, across time and space (hash partitioning) attributes
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesCausal Clustering using Raft protocol infoavailable in in Enterprise Version onlyselectable replication factor infomaking use of HadoopMulti-source replication in HA-ClusterSource-replica replication with hot standby and reads on replicas info
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoyesnono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency infoif the client is offline
Immediate Consistency infoif the client is online
Causal and Eventual Consistency configurable in Causal Cluster setup
Immediate Consistency in stand-alone mode
Immediate Consistency infoDocument store kept consistent with combination of global timestamping, row-level transactions, and server-side consistency resolution.Immediate Consistency in HA-ClusterImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyes infoRelationships in graphsnoyes inforelationships in graphsyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datayesACIDAtomic updates per row, document, or graph entityACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesno
User concepts infoAccess controlyes, based on authentication and database rulesUsers, roles and permissions. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)Cell-level Security, Data-Centric Security, Role-Based Access Control (RBAC), Attribute-Based Access Control (ABAC)Access rights for users and rolesfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard
More information provided by the system vendor
Firebase Realtime DatabaseNeo4jSqrrlStardogTimescaleDB
Specific characteristicsNeo4j delivers graph technology that has been battle tested for performance and scale...
» more
Competitive advantagesNeo4j is the market leader, graph database category creator, and the most widely...
» more
Typical application scenariosReal-Time Recommendations Master Data Management Identity and Access Management Network...
» more
Key customersOver 800 commercial customers and over 4300 startups use Neo4j. Flagship customers...
» more
Market metricsNeo4j boasts the world's largest graph database ecosystem with more than 140 million...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsGPL v3 license that can be used all the places where you might use MySQL. Neo4j Commercial...
» more
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