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DBMS > Firebase Realtime Database vs. IBM Db2 vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. Oracle Berkeley DB vs. Realm

System Properties Comparison Firebase Realtime Database vs. IBM Db2 vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. Oracle Berkeley DB vs. Realm

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameFirebase Realtime Database  Xexclude from comparisonIBM Db2 infoformerly named DB2 or IBM Database 2  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Cosmos DB infoformer name was Azure DocumentDB  Xexclude from comparisonOracle Berkeley DB  Xexclude from comparisonRealm  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionCloud-hosted realtime document store. iOS, Android, and JavaScript clients share one Realtime Database instance and automatically receive updates with the newest data.Common in IBM host environments, 2 different versions for host and Windows/LinuxGlobally distributed, horizontally scalable, multi-model database serviceWidely used in-process key-value storeA DBMS built for use on mobile devices that’s a fast, easy to use alternative to SQLite and Core Data
Primary database modelDocument storeRelational DBMS infoSince Version 10.5 support for JSON/BSON documents compatible with MongoDBDocument store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Wide column store
Key-value store infosupports sorted and unsorted key sets
Native XML DBMS infoin the Oracle Berkeley DB XML version
Document store
Secondary database modelsDocument store
RDF store infoin Db2 LUW (Linux, Unix, Windows)
Spatial DBMS infowith Db2 Spatial Extender
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score13.64
Rank#39  Overall
#6  Document stores
Score125.90
Rank#9  Overall
#6  Relational DBMS
Score27.71
Rank#27  Overall
#4  Document stores
#2  Graph DBMS
#3  Key-value stores
#3  Wide column stores
Score2.01
Rank#126  Overall
#21  Key-value stores
#3  Native XML DBMS
Score7.41
Rank#52  Overall
#8  Document stores
Websitefirebase.google.com/­products/­realtime-databasewww.ibm.com/­products/­db2azure.microsoft.com/­services/­cosmos-dbwww.oracle.com/­database/­technologies/­related/­berkeleydb.htmlrealm.io
Technical documentationfirebase.google.com/­docs/­databasewww.ibm.com/­docs/­en/­db2learn.microsoft.com/­azure/­cosmos-dbdocs.oracle.com/­cd/­E17076_05/­html/­index.htmlrealm.io/­docs
DeveloperGoogle infoacquired by Google 2014IBMMicrosoftOracle infooriginally developed by Sleepycat, which was acquired by OracleRealm, acquired by MongoDB in May 2019
Initial release20121983 infohost version201419942014
Current release12.1, October 201618.1.40, May 2020
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercialcommercial infofree version is availablecommercialOpen Source infocommercial license availableOpen Source
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC and C++C, Java, C++ (depending on the Berkeley DB edition)
Server operating systemshostedAIX
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows
z/OS
hostedAIX
Android
FreeBSD
iOS
Linux
OS X
Solaris
VxWorks
Windows
Android
Backend: server-less
iOS
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeyesschema-freeschema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyes infoJSON typesnoyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyes infoonly with the Berkeley DB XML editionno
Secondary indexesyesyesyes infoAll properties auto-indexed by defaultyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoyesSQL-like query languageyes infoSQL interfaced based on SQLite is availableno
APIs and other access methodsAndroid
iOS
JavaScript API
RESTful HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
JSON style queries infoMongoDB compatible
ODBC
XQuery
DocumentDB API
Graph API (Gremlin)
MongoDB API
RESTful HTTP API
Table API
Supported programming languagesJava
JavaScript
Objective-C
C
C#
C++
Cobol
Delphi
Fortran
Java
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Visual Basic
.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
MongoDB client drivers written for various programming languages
Python
.Net infoFigaro is a .Net framework assembly that extends Berkeley DB XML into an embeddable database engine for .NET
others infoThird-party libraries to manipulate Berkeley DB files are available for many languages
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js) info3rd party binding
Perl
Python
Tcl
.Net
Java infowith Android only
Objective-C
React Native
Swift
Server-side scripts infoStored procedureslimited functionality with using 'rules'yesJavaScriptnono inforuns within the applications so server-side scripts are unnecessary
TriggersCallbacks are triggered when data changesyesJavaScriptyes infoonly for the SQL APIyes infoChange Listeners
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infoonly with Windows/Unix/Linux VersionSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud servicenonenone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyes infowith separate tools (MQ, InfoSphere)yes infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceSource-replica replicationnone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonowith Hadoop integration infoIntegration with Hadoop/HDInsight on Azure*nono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency infoif the client is offline
Immediate Consistency infoif the client is online
Bounded Staleness
Consistent Prefix
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infoConsistency level configurable on request level
Session Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesnonono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datayesACIDMulti-item ACID transactions with snapshot isolation within a partitionACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesyes infoIn-Memory realm
User concepts infoAccess controlyes, based on authentication and database rulesfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAccess rights can be defined down to the item levelnoyes

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More resources
Firebase Realtime DatabaseIBM Db2 infoformerly named DB2 or IBM Database 2Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB infoformer name was Azure DocumentDBOracle Berkeley DBRealm
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