DBMS > Firebase Realtime Database vs. Hive vs. InfluxDB vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. RDF4J

System Properties Comparison Firebase Realtime Database vs. Hive vs. InfluxDB vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. RDF4J

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Cloud-hosted realtime document store. iOS, Android, and JavaScript clients share one Realtime Database instance and automatically receive updates with the newest data.

data warehouse software for querying and managing large distributed datasets, built on Hadoop

DBMS for storing time series, events and metrics

Microsofts flagship relational DBMS

RDF4J is a Java framework for processing RDF data, supporting both memory-based and a disk-based storage.

Primary database model

Secondary database models

Spatial DBMS

with GEO package

Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	14.29
Rank	#39	Overall
	#6	Document stores

Score	61.17
Rank	#18	Overall
	#12	Relational DBMS

Score	25.83
Rank	#28	Overall
	#1	Time Series DBMS

Score	824.29
Rank	#3	Overall
	#3	Relational DBMS

Score	0.69
Rank	#230	Overall
	#9	RDF stores

Website

firebase.google.com/products/realtime-database

hive.apache.org

www.influxdata.com/products/influxdb-overview

www.microsoft.com/en-us/sql-server

rdf4j.org

Technical documentation

firebase.google.com/docs/database

cwiki.apache.org/confluence/display/Hive/Home

docs.influxdata.com/influxdb

learn.microsoft.com/en-US/sql/sql-server

rdf4j.org/documentation

Developer

Google

acquired by Google 2014

Apache Software Foundation

initially developed by Facebook

Microsoft

Since 2016 officially forked into an Eclipse project, former developer was Aduna Software.

Initial release

2012

2013

1989

2004

Current release

3.1.3, April 2022

2.7.6, April 2024

SQL Server 2022, November 2022

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

Apache Version 2

Open Source

MIT-License; commercial enterprise version available

commercial

restricted free version is available

Open Source

Eclipse Distribution License (EDL), v1.0.

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

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Implementation language

Java

C++

Java

Server operating systems

hosted

All OS with a Java VM

Linux
OS X

through Homebrew

Linux
Windows

Linux
OS X
Unix
Windows

Data scheme

schema-free

yes

schema-free

yes

RDF Schemas

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

Numeric data and Strings

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL-like DML and DDL statements

SQL-like query language

yes

APIs and other access methods

Android
iOS
JavaScript API
RESTful HTTP API

JDBC
ODBC
Thrift

HTTP API
JSON over UDP

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)

Java API
RIO

RDF Input/Output
Sail API
SeRQL

Sesame RDF Query Language
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL

Supported programming languages

Java
JavaScript
Objective-C

C++
Java
PHP
Python

.Net
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
Lisp
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Rust
Scala

C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic

Java
PHP
Python

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

limited functionality with using 'rules'

yes

user defined functions and integration of map-reduce

Transact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Java

yes

Triggers

Callbacks are triggered when data changes

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

in enterprise version only

tables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federation

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

selectable replication factor

in enterprise version only

yes, but depending on the SQL-Server Edition

none

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

query execution via MapReduce

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Eventual Consistency

if the client is offline
Immediate Consistency

if the client is online

Eventual Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

yes

ACID

Isolation support depends on the API used

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

in-memory storage is supported as well

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

Depending on used storage engine

yes

User concepts

Access control

yes, based on authentication and database rules

Access rights for users, groups and roles

simple rights management via user accounts

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

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Competitive advantages

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Typical application scenarios

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Key customers

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Market metrics

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Licensing and pricing models

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