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DBMS > Firebase Realtime Database vs. H2 vs. HyperSQL vs. IBM Db2 vs. TiDB

System Properties Comparison Firebase Realtime Database vs. H2 vs. HyperSQL vs. IBM Db2 vs. TiDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameFirebase Realtime Database  Xexclude from comparisonH2  Xexclude from comparisonHyperSQL infoalso known as HSQLDB  Xexclude from comparisonIBM Db2 infoformerly named DB2 or IBM Database 2  Xexclude from comparisonTiDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionCloud-hosted realtime document store. iOS, Android, and JavaScript clients share one Realtime Database instance and automatically receive updates with the newest data.Full-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.Multithreaded, transactional RDBMS written in Java infoalso known as HSQLDBCommon in IBM host environments, 2 different versions for host and Windows/LinuxTiDB is an open source distributed SQL database that supports Hybrid Transactional/Analytical Processing (HTAP) workloads. It is MySQL compatible and features horizontal scalability, strong consistency, and high availability.
Primary database modelDocument storeRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infoSince Version 10.5 support for JSON/BSON documents compatible with MongoDBRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMSDocument store
RDF store infoin Db2 LUW (Linux, Unix, Windows)
Spatial DBMS infowith Db2 Spatial Extender
Document store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score13.64
Rank#39  Overall
#6  Document stores
Score8.33
Rank#46  Overall
#30  Relational DBMS
Score3.23
Rank#93  Overall
#48  Relational DBMS
Score125.90
Rank#9  Overall
#6  Relational DBMS
Score4.25
Rank#74  Overall
#40  Relational DBMS
Websitefirebase.google.com/­products/­realtime-databasewww.h2database.comhsqldb.orgwww.ibm.com/­products/­db2pingcap.com
Technical documentationfirebase.google.com/­docs/­databasewww.h2database.com/­html/­main.htmlhsqldb.org/­web/­hsqlDocsFrame.htmlwww.ibm.com/­docs/­en/­db2docs.pingcap.com/­tidb/­stable
DeveloperGoogle infoacquired by Google 2014Thomas MuellerIBMPingCAP, Inc.
Initial release2012200520011983 infohost version2016
Current release2.2.220, July 20232.7.2, June 202312.1, October 20168.1.0, May 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infodual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license)Open Source infobased on BSD licensecommercial infofree version is availableOpen Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
TiDB Cloud: Fully-managed TiDB Service. Bring everything great about TiDB to the cloud.
Implementation languageJavaJavaC and C++Go, Rust
Server operating systemshostedAll OS with a Java VMAll OS with a Java VM infoEmbedded (into Java applications) and Client-Server operating modesAIX
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows
z/OS
Linux
Data schemeschema-freeyesyesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononono
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoyesyesyesyes
APIs and other access methodsAndroid
iOS
JavaScript API
RESTful HTTP API
JDBC
ODBC
HTTP API infoJDBC via HTTP
JDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
JSON style queries infoMongoDB compatible
ODBC
XQuery
GORM
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary protocol
SQLAlchemy
Supported programming languagesJava
JavaScript
Objective-C
JavaAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBC
Java
C
C#
C++
Cobol
Delphi
Fortran
Java
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Visual Basic
Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored procedureslimited functionality with using 'rules'Java Stored Procedures and User-Defined FunctionsJava, SQLyesno
TriggersCallbacks are triggered when data changesyesyesyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonenoneSharding infoonly with Windows/Unix/Linux Versionhorizontal partitioning (by key range)
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesWith clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a databasenoneyes infowith separate tools (MQ, InfoSphere)Using Raft consensus algorithm to ensure data replication with strong consistency among multiple replicas.
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononoyes infowith TiSpark Connector
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency infoif the client is offline
Immediate Consistency infoif the client is online
Immediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesyesyesyes infofull support since version 6.6
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datayesACIDACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlyes, based on authentication and database rulesfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardFine grained access rights according to SQL-standard
More information provided by the system vendor
Firebase Realtime DatabaseH2HyperSQL infoalso known as HSQLDBIBM Db2 infoformerly named DB2 or IBM Database 2TiDB
Specific characteristicsTiDB is an advanced open-source, distributed SQL database for modern application...
» more
Competitive advantages- HORIZONTAL SCALING : TiDB grants total transparency into your data workloads without...
» more
Typical application scenariosTiDB is ideal for transactional applications that require extreme scalability and...
» more
Key customersBlock, Pinterest, Catalyst, Bolt, Flipkart, Capcom, Shopee (E-commerce), JD Cloud...
» more
Market metrics34K+ GitHub stars 5K+ members in TiDB Community Slack 1K+ community contributors...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsTiDB Community : Free open source software (Apache 2.0) TiDB Self-Hosted : Enterprise...
» more

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More resources
Firebase Realtime DatabaseH2HyperSQL infoalso known as HSQLDBIBM Db2 infoformerly named DB2 or IBM Database 2TiDB
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