DBMS > Firebase Realtime Database vs. H2 vs. Hawkular Metrics vs. LokiJS vs. NebulaGraph

System Properties Comparison Firebase Realtime Database vs. H2 vs. Hawkular Metrics vs. LokiJS vs. NebulaGraph

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Cloud-hosted realtime document store. iOS, Android, and JavaScript clients share one Realtime Database instance and automatically receive updates with the newest data.

Full-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.

Hawkular metrics is the metric storage of the Red Hat sponsored Hawkular monitoring system. It is based on Cassandra.

In-memory JavaScript DBMS

A distributed, linear scalable, high perfomant Graph DBMS

Primary database model

Secondary database models

Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	13.60
Rank	#39	Overall
	#6	Document stores

Score	7.57
Rank	#47	Overall
	#30	Relational DBMS

Score	0.01
Rank	#377	Overall
	#39	Time Series DBMS

Score	0.44
Rank	#256	Overall
	#40	Document stores

Score	1.92
Rank	#122	Overall
	#11	Graph DBMS

Website

firebase.google.com/products/realtime-database

www.h2database.com

www.hawkular.org

github.com/techfort/LokiJS

github.com/vesoft-inc/nebula
www.nebula-graph.io

Technical documentation

firebase.google.com/docs/database

www.h2database.com/html/main.html

www.hawkular.org/hawkular-metrics/docs/user-guide

techfort.github.io/LokiJS

docs.nebula-graph.io

Developer

Google

acquired by Google 2014

Thomas Mueller

Community supported by Red Hat

Vesoft Inc.

Initial release

2012

2005

2014

2019

Current release

2.2.220, July 2023

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

dual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license)

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0 + Common Clause 1.0

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Java

JavaScript

C++

Server operating systems

hosted

All OS with a Java VM

Linux
OS X
Windows

server-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js)

Linux

Data scheme

schema-free

yes

schema-free

Strong typed schema

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

yes

via views

yes

Nebula Graph internally uses the Key-Value store RocksDB for persistency. The vertices, edges, and their properties are stored as Key while their values are stored as Value. The primary indexes are per Key and secondary indexes are per Value.

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

SQL-like query language

APIs and other access methods

Android
iOS
JavaScript API
RESTful HTTP API

JDBC
ODBC

HTTP REST

JavaScript API

Browser interface
console (shell)
Cypher Query Language
GO Object Graph Mapper
Java Object Graph Mapper
NGBatis

ORM framework for NebulaGraph and Spring-Boot
Proprietary native API
Python Object Graph Mapper
Query language nGQL

Supported programming languages

Java
JavaScript
Objective-C

Java

Go
Java
Python
Ruby

JavaScript

.Net
C++
Go
Java
PHP
Python

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

limited functionality with using 'rules'

Java Stored Procedures and User-Defined Functions

View functions in JavaScript

user defined functions

Triggers

Callbacks are triggered when data changes

yes

via Hawkular Alerting

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Sharding

based on Cassandra

none

Sharding

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

With clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a database

selectable replication factor

based on Cassandra

none

Causal Clustering using Raft protocol

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Eventual Consistency

if the client is offline
Immediate Consistency

if the client is online

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency

based on Cassandra
Immediate Consistency

based on Cassandra

none

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Relationships in graphs

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

yes

ACID

atomic operations within a single collection possible

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

yes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

Serialization of a DB in a Node.JS/Cordova/PhoneGap environment. Usage of the IndexedDB-API in a browser.

yes

using RocksDB

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

yes, based on authentication and database rules

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Role-based access control

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

NebulaGraph is a truly distributed, linearly scalable, lightning-fast graph database,...
» more

Competitive advantages

NebulaGraph boasts the world's only graph database solution that is able to host...
» more

Typical application scenarios

Social networking Fraud detection Knowledge graph Data warehouse management Anti...
» more

Key customers

Companies from a variety of industries have implemented NebulaGraph Database in production,...
» more

Market metrics

At our very early stage, NebulaGraph has already received over 10,000 stars on GitHub...
» more

Licensing and pricing models

NebulaGraph is open source and free to use under Apache 2.0 license.
» more

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and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.

Related products and services

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More resources

DB-Engines blog posts

Cloud-based DBMS's popularity grows at high rates
12 December 2019, Paul Andlinger

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New kids on the block: database management systems implemented in JavaScript
1 December 2014, Matthias Gelbmann

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