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DBMS > Firebase Realtime Database vs. GraphDB vs. Machbase Neo vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Oracle Berkeley DB

System Properties Comparison Firebase Realtime Database vs. GraphDB vs. Machbase Neo vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Oracle Berkeley DB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameFirebase Realtime Database  Xexclude from comparisonGraphDB infoformer name: OWLIM  Xexclude from comparisonMachbase Neo infoFormer name was Infiniflux  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonOracle Berkeley DB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionCloud-hosted realtime document store. iOS, Android, and JavaScript clients share one Realtime Database instance and automatically receive updates with the newest data.Enterprise-ready RDF and graph database with efficient reasoning, cluster and external index synchronization support. It supports also SQL JDBC access to Knowledge Graph and GraphQL over SPARQL.TimeSeries DBMS for AIoT and BigDataFully managed big data interactive analytics platformWidely used in-process key-value store
Primary database modelDocument storeGraph DBMS
RDF store
Time Series DBMSRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedKey-value store infosupports sorted and unsorted key sets
Native XML DBMS infoin the Oracle Berkeley DB XML version
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score13.64
Rank#39  Overall
#6  Document stores
Score3.25
Rank#91  Overall
#7  Graph DBMS
#4  RDF stores
Score0.17
Rank#337  Overall
#30  Time Series DBMS
Score3.80
Rank#81  Overall
#43  Relational DBMS
Score2.01
Rank#126  Overall
#21  Key-value stores
#3  Native XML DBMS
Websitefirebase.google.com/­products/­realtime-databasewww.ontotext.commachbase.comazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerwww.oracle.com/­database/­technologies/­related/­berkeleydb.html
Technical documentationfirebase.google.com/­docs/­databasegraphdb.ontotext.com/­documentationmachbase.com/­dbmsdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerdocs.oracle.com/­cd/­E17076_05/­html/­index.html
Social network pagesLinkedInTwitterYouTubeGitHubMedium
DeveloperGoogle infoacquired by Google 2014OntotextMachbaseMicrosoftOracle infooriginally developed by Sleepycat, which was acquired by Oracle
Initial release20122000201320191994
Current release10.4, October 2023V8.0, August 2023cloud service with continuous releases18.1.40, May 2020
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercialcommercial infoSome plugins of GraphDB Workbench are open sourcedcommercial infofree test version availablecommercialOpen Source infocommercial license available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnonoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageJavaCC, Java, C++ (depending on the Berkeley DB edition)
Server operating systemshostedAll OS with a Java VM
Linux
OS X
Windows
Linux
macOS
Windows
hostedAIX
Android
FreeBSD
iOS
Linux
OS X
Solaris
VxWorks
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeschema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema support; RDF shapesyesFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)schema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesno
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononoyesyes infoonly with the Berkeley DB XML edition
Secondary indexesyesyes, supports real-time synchronization and indexing in SOLR/Elastic search/Lucene and GeoSPARQL geometry data indexesyesall fields are automatically indexedyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnostored SPARQL accessed as SQL using Apache Calcite through JDBC/ODBCSQL-like query languageKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetyes infoSQL interfaced based on SQLite is available
APIs and other access methodsAndroid
iOS
JavaScript API
RESTful HTTP API
GeoSPARQL
GraphQL
GraphQL Federation
Java API
JDBC
RDF4J API
RDFS
RIO
Sail API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL 1.1
gRPC
HTTP REST
JDBC
MQTT (Message Queue Telemetry Transport)
ODBC
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
Supported programming languagesJava
JavaScript
Objective-C
.Net
C#
Clojure
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
C
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript
PHP infovia ODBC
Python
R infovia ODBC
Scala
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
.Net infoFigaro is a .Net framework assembly that extends Berkeley DB XML into an embeddable database engine for .NET
others infoThird-party libraries to manipulate Berkeley DB files are available for many languages
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js) info3rd party binding
Perl
Python
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored procedureslimited functionality with using 'rules'well-defined plugin interfaces; JavaScript server-side extensibilitynoYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, Rno
TriggersCallbacks are triggered when data changesnonoyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicyyes infoonly for the SQL API
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud servicenone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationselectable replication factoryes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononoSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparkno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency infoif the client is offline
Immediate Consistency infoif the client is online
Immediate Consistency, Eventual consistency (configurable in cluster mode per master or individual client request)Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyes infoConstraint checkingnonono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datayesACIDnonoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesnoyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yes infovolatile and lookup tablenoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlyes, based on authentication and database rulesDefault Basic authentication through RDF4J client, or via Java when run with cURL, default token-based in the Workbench or via Rest API, optional access through OpenID or Kerberos single sign-on.simple password-based access controlAzure Active Directory Authenticationno
More information provided by the system vendor
Firebase Realtime DatabaseGraphDB infoformer name: OWLIMMachbase Neo infoFormer name was InfinifluxMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerOracle Berkeley DB
Specific characteristicsOntotext GraphDB is a semantic database engine that allows organizations to build...
» more
Competitive advantagesGraphDB allows you to link text and data in big knowledge graphs. It’s easy to experiment...
» more
Typical application scenariosMetadata enrichment and management, linked data publishing, semantic inferencing...
» more
Key customers​ GraphDB provides a platform for building next-generation AI and Knowledge Graph...
» more
Market metricsGraphDB is the most utilized semantic triplestore for mission-critical enterprise...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsGraphDB Free is a non-commercial version and is free to use. GraphDB Enterprise edition...
» more
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Firebase Realtime DatabaseGraphDB infoformer name: OWLIMMachbase Neo infoFormer name was InfinifluxMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerOracle Berkeley DB
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