DBMS > Elasticsearch vs. etcd vs. MySQL vs. RDFox vs. TypeDB

System Properties Comparison Elasticsearch vs. etcd vs. MySQL vs. RDFox vs. TypeDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

A distributed, RESTful modern search and analytics engine based on Apache Lucene

Elasticsearch lets you perform and combine many types of searches such as structured, unstructured, geo, and metric

A distributed reliable key-value store

Widely used open source RDBMS

High performance knowledge graph and semantic reasoning engine

TypeDB is a strongly-typed database with a rich and logical type system and TypeQL as its query language

Primary database model

Search engine

Key-value store

Relational DBMS

Key/Value like access via memcached API

Graph DBMS
RDF store

Graph DBMS
Relational DBMS

Often described as a 'hyper-relational' database, since it implements the 'Entity-Relationship Paradigm' to manage complex data structures and ontologies.

Secondary database models

Document store
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS

Document store
Spatial DBMS

Relational DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	132.83
Rank	#7	Overall
	#1	Search engines

Score	7.03
Rank	#54	Overall
	#5	Key-value stores

Score	1061.34
Rank	#2	Overall
	#2	Relational DBMS

Score	0.29
Rank	#300	Overall
	#24	Graph DBMS
	#13	RDF stores

Score	0.70
Rank	#230	Overall
	#20	Graph DBMS
	#106	Relational DBMS

Website

www.elastic.co/elasticsearch

etcd.io
github.com/etcd-io/etcd

www.mysql.com

www.oxfordsemantic.tech

typedb.com

Technical documentation

www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/current/index.html

etcd.io/docs
github.com/etcd-io/etcd/tree/master/Documentation

dev.mysql.com/doc

docs.oxfordsemantic.tech

typedb.com/docs

Developer

Elastic

Oracle

since 2010, originally MySQL AB, then Sun

Oxford Semantic Technologies

Vaticle

Initial release

2010

1995

2017

2016

Current release

8.6, January 2023

3.4, August 2019

8.4.0, April 2024

6.0, Septermber 2022

2.26.3, January 2024

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Elastic License

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

Open Source

GPL version 2. Commercial licenses with extended functionallity are available

commercial

Open Source

GPL Version 3, commercial licenses available

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

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Implementation language

Java

C and C++

C++

Java

Server operating systems

All OS with a Java VM

FreeBSD
Linux
Windows

experimental

FreeBSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows

Linux
macOS
Windows

Linux
OS X
Windows

Data scheme

schema-free

Flexible type definitions. Once a type is defined, it is persistent

schema-free

yes

RDF schemas

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

All search fields are automatically indexed

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL-like query language

yes

with proprietary extensions

APIs and other access methods

Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

gRPC
JSON over HTTP

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary native API

RESTful HTTP API
SPARQL 1.1

gRPC protocol
TypeDB Console (shell)
TypeDB Studio (Visualisation software- previously TypeDB Workbase)

Supported programming languages

.Net
Groovy
Community Contributed Clients
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby

.Net
C
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Rust
Scala
Tcl

Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl

C
Java

All JVM based languages
Groovy
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Scala

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

proprietary syntax

Triggers

yes

by using the 'percolation' feature

yes, watching key changes

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

horizontal partitioning, sharding with MySQL Cluster or MySQL Fabric

Sharding

by using Cassandra

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

yes

Using Raft consensus algorithm to ensure data replication with strong consistency among multiple replicas.

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

replication via a shared file system

Multi-source replication

by using Cassandra

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

ES-Hadoop Connector

yes

by using Apache Kafka and Apache Zookeeper

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Eventual Consistency

Synchronous doc based replication. Get by ID may show delays up to 1 sec. Configurable write consistency: one, quorum, all

Immediate Consistency

Immediate Consistency in stand-alone mode, Eventual Consistency in replicated setups

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

not for MyISAM storage engine

substituted by the relationship feature

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

not for MyISAM storage engine

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

table locks or row locks depending on storage engine

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

Memcached and Redis integration

yes

User concepts

Access control

Users with fine-grained authorization concept

no user groups or roles

Roles, resources, and access types

yes

at REST API level; other APIs in progress

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

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Competitive advantages

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Typical application scenarios

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Licensing and pricing models

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