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DBMS > Elasticsearch vs. Milvus vs. Solr vs. Titan vs. Weaviate

System Properties Comparison Elasticsearch vs. Milvus vs. Solr vs. Titan vs. Weaviate

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameElasticsearch  Xexclude from comparisonMilvus  Xexclude from comparisonSolr  Xexclude from comparisonTitan  Xexclude from comparisonWeaviate  Xexclude from comparison
Titan has been decommisioned after the takeover by Datastax. It will be removed from the DB-Engines ranking. A fork has been open-sourced as JanusGraph.
DescriptionA distributed, RESTful modern search and analytics engine based on Apache Lucene infoElasticsearch lets you perform and combine many types of searches such as structured, unstructured, geo, and metricA DBMS designed for efficient storage of vector data and vector similarity searchesA widely used distributed, scalable search engine based on Apache LuceneTitan is a Graph DBMS optimized for distributed clusters.An AI-native realtime vector database engine that integrates scalable machine learning models.
Primary database modelSearch engineVector DBMSSearch engineGraph DBMSVector DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score135.35
Rank#7  Overall
#1  Search engines
Score2.31
Rank#113  Overall
#3  Vector DBMS
Score42.91
Rank#24  Overall
#3  Search engines
Score1.73
Rank#143  Overall
#5  Vector DBMS
Websitewww.elastic.co/­elasticsearchmilvus.iosolr.apache.orggithub.com/­thinkaurelius/­titangithub.com/­weaviate/­weaviate
weaviate.io
Technical documentationwww.elastic.co/­guide/­en/­elasticsearch/­reference/­current/­index.htmlmilvus.io/­docs/­overview.mdsolr.apache.org/­resources.htmlgithub.com/­thinkaurelius/­titan/­wikiweaviate.io/­developers/­weaviate
DeveloperElasticApache Software FoundationAurelius, owned by DataStaxWeaviate B.V.
Initial release20102019200620122019
Current release8.6, January 20232.3.4, January 20249.6.0, April 20241.19, May 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoElastic LicenseOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0Open Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoApache license, version 2.0Open Source infocommercial license available with Weaviate Enterprise
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Zilliz Cloud – Cloud-native service for Milvus
Implementation languageJavaC++, GoJavaJavaGo
Server operating systemsAll OS with a Java VMLinux
macOS info10.14 or later
Windows infowith WSL 2 enabled
All OS with a Java VM inforuns as a servlet in servlet container (e.g. Tomcat, Jetty is included)Linux
OS X
Unix
Windows
Data schemeschema-free infoFlexible type definitions. Once a type is defined, it is persistentyes infoDynamic Fields enables on-the-fly addition of new fieldsyesyes, maps to GraphQL interface
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesVector, Numeric and Stringyes infosupports customizable data types and automatic typingyesyes infostring, int, float, geo point, date, cross reference, fuzzy references
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyesno
Secondary indexesyes infoAll search fields are automatically indexednoyes infoAll search fields are automatically indexedyesyes infoall data objects are indexed in a semantic vector space (the Contextionary), all primitive fields are indexed
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like query languagenoSolr Parallel SQL InterfacenoGraphQL is used as query language
APIs and other access methodsJava API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
RESTful HTTP APIJava API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Java API
TinkerPop Blueprints
TinkerPop Frames
TinkerPop Gremlin
TinkerPop Rexster
GraphQL query language
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Supported programming languages.Net
Groovy
Community Contributed Clients
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
.Net
Erlang
Java
JavaScript
any language that supports sockets and either XML or JSON
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
Clojure
Java
Python
JavaScript / TypeScript
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesnoJava pluginsyesno
Triggersyes infoby using the 'percolation' featurenoyes infoUser configurable commands triggered on index changesyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingShardingyes infovia pluggable storage backendsSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyesyesyesyes
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsES-Hadoop Connectornospark-solr: github.com/­lucidworks/­spark-solr and streaming expressions to reduceyes infovia Faunus, a graph analytics engineno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency infoSynchronous doc based replication. Get by ID may show delays up to 1 sec. Configurable write consistency: one, quorum, allBounded Staleness
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Session Consistency
Tunable Consistency
Eventual ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Eventual Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynononoyes infoRelationships in graphno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanonooptimistic lockingACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes infoSupports various storage backends: Cassandra, HBase, Berkeley DB, Akiban, Hazelcastyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.Memcached and Redis integrationyesyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlRole based access control and fine grained access rightsyesUser authentification and security via Rexster Graph ServerAPI Keys
OpenID Connect Discovery
More information provided by the system vendor
ElasticsearchMilvusSolrTitanWeaviate
Specific characteristicsMilvus is an open-source and cloud-native vector database built for production-ready...
» more
Weaviate is an open source vector database that is robust, scalable, cloud-native,...
» more
Competitive advantagesHighly available, versatile, and robust with millisecond latency. Supports batch...
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Flexible deployment - Free, open source or fully-managed cloud vector database service...
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Typical application scenariosRAG: retrieval augmented generation Video media : video understanding, video deduplication....
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As a database supporting the development of generative AI and semantic search applications...
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Key customersMilvus is trusted by thousands of enterprises, including PayPal, eBay, IKEA, LINE,...
» more
All companies that have data. ​
» more
Market metricsAs of January 2024, 25k+ GitHub stars 10M+ downloads and installations​ ​ 3k+ enterprise...
» more
As of mid 2023: Over 2 million open source downloads 3500+ Weaviate Slack community...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsMilvus was released under the open-source Apache License 2.0 in October 2019. Fully-managed...
» more
Weaviate is open-source, and free to use. Weaviate is also available as a fully managed...
» more

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More resources
ElasticsearchMilvusSolrTitanWeaviate
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