DBMS > Elasticsearch vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. MonetDB vs. Oracle NoSQL vs. TimesTen

System Properties Comparison Elasticsearch vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. MonetDB vs. Oracle NoSQL vs. TimesTen

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

A distributed, RESTful modern search and analytics engine based on Apache Lucene

Elasticsearch lets you perform and combine many types of searches such as structured, unstructured, geo, and metric

Globally distributed, horizontally scalable, multi-model database service

A relational database management system that stores data in columns

A multi-model, scalable, distributed NoSQL database, designed to provide highly reliable, flexible, and available data management across a configurable set of storage nodes

An in-memory SQL relational database that delivers microsecond response and high throughput for OLTP applications. TimesTen can be deployed as a standalone database or as a cache to a backend Oracle database.

Primary database model

Search engine

Document store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Wide column store

Relational DBMS

Document store
Key-value store
Relational DBMS

Relational DBMS

Secondary database models

Document store
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS

Spatial DBMS

Document store
Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	128.79
Rank	#8	Overall
	#1	Search engines

Score	24.97
Rank	#27	Overall
	#4	Document stores
	#2	Graph DBMS
	#3	Key-value stores
	#3	Wide column stores

Score	1.72
Rank	#135	Overall
	#62	Relational DBMS

Score	3.07
Rank	#86	Overall
	#15	Document stores
	#11	Key-value stores
	#47	Relational DBMS

Score	1.26
Rank	#164	Overall
	#75	Relational DBMS

Website

www.elastic.co/elasticsearch

azure.microsoft.com/services/cosmos-db

www.monetdb.org

www.oracle.com/database/nosql/technologies/nosql

www.oracle.com/database/technologies/related/timesten.html

Technical documentation

www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/current/index.html

learn.microsoft.com/azure/cosmos-db

www.monetdb.org/Documentation

docs.oracle.com/en/database/other-databases/nosql-database/index.html

docs.oracle.com/en/database/other-databases/timesten/index.html

Developer

Elastic

Microsoft

MonetDB BV

Oracle

originally founded in HP Labs it was acquired by Oracle in 2005

Initial release

2010

2014

2004

2011

1998

Current release

8.6, January 2023

Dec2023 (11.49), December 2023

24.1, May 2024

Release 22.1

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Elastic License

commercial

Open Source

Mozilla Public License 2.0

Open Source

Proprietary for Enterprise Edition (Oracle Database EE license has Oracle NoSQL database EE covered: details)

commercial

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Java

Server operating systems

All OS with a Java VM

hosted

FreeBSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows

Linux
Solaris SPARC/x86

IBM AIX Power PC 64-bit
Linux arm64
Linux x86-64
Solaris SPARC 64
Solaris SPARC/x86
Solaris x86-64

Data scheme

schema-free

Flexible type definitions. Once a type is defined, it is persistent

schema-free

yes

Support Fixed schema and Schema-less deployment with the ability to interoperate between them.

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

JSON types

yes

optional

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

yes

All search fields are automatically indexed

yes

All properties auto-indexed by default

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL-like query language

yes

SQL 2003 with some extensions

SQL-like DML and DDL statements

yes

APIs and other access methods

Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

DocumentDB API
Graph API (Gremlin)
MongoDB API
RESTful HTTP API
Table API

JDBC
native C library

MAPI library (MonetDB application programming interface)
ODBC

RESTful HTTP API

ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)
Pro*C/C++ programming interfaces
SQL and PL/SQL via JDBC

Supported programming languages

.Net
Groovy
Community Contributed Clients
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby

.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
MongoDB client drivers written for various programming languages
Python

C
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby

C
C#
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

C
C++
Java
Node.js
PL/SQL
Python

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

JavaScript

yes, in SQL, C, R

PL/SQL

Triggers

yes

by using the 'percolation' feature

JavaScript

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

Implicit feature of the cloud service

Sharding via remote tables

Sharding

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

yes

Implicit feature of the cloud service

none

Source-replica replication available in experimental status

Electable source-replica replication per shard. Support distributed global deployment with Multi-region table feature

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

ES-Hadoop Connector

with Hadoop integration

Integration with Hadoop/HDInsight on Azure*

with Hadoop integration

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Eventual Consistency

Synchronous doc based replication. Get by ID may show delays up to 1 sec. Configurable write consistency: one, quorum, all

Bounded Staleness
Consistent Prefix
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

Consistency level configurable on request level
Session Consistency

Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

depending on configuration

Immediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configuration

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

Multi-item ACID transactions with snapshot isolation within a partition

ACID

configurable

ACID within a storage node (=shard)

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

by means of logfiles and checkpoints

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

Memcached and Redis integration

yes

off heap cache

yes

User concepts

Access control

Access rights can be defined down to the item level

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Access rights for users and roles

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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