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DBMS > Elasticsearch vs. Ignite vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. TigerGraph vs. ToroDB

System Properties Comparison Elasticsearch vs. Ignite vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. TigerGraph vs. ToroDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameElasticsearch  Xexclude from comparisonIgnite  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonTigerGraph  Xexclude from comparisonToroDB  Xexclude from comparison
ToroDB seems to be discontinued. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.
DescriptionA distributed, RESTful modern search and analytics engine based on Apache Lucene infoElasticsearch lets you perform and combine many types of searches such as structured, unstructured, geo, and metricApache Ignite is a memory-centric distributed database, caching, and processing platform for transactional, analytical, and streaming workloads, delivering in-memory speeds at petabyte scale.Fully managed big data interactive analytics platformA complete, distributed, parallel graph computing platform supporting web-scale data analytics in real-timeA MongoDB-compatible JSON document store, built on top of PostgreSQL
Primary database modelSearch engineKey-value store
Relational DBMS
Relational DBMS infocolumn orientedGraph DBMSDocument store
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS
Document store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score135.35
Rank#7  Overall
#1  Search engines
Score3.16
Rank#96  Overall
#15  Key-value stores
#49  Relational DBMS
Score4.38
Rank#77  Overall
#41  Relational DBMS
Score1.83
Rank#139  Overall
#13  Graph DBMS
Websitewww.elastic.co/­elasticsearchignite.apache.orgazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerwww.tigergraph.comgithub.com/­torodb/­server
Technical documentationwww.elastic.co/­guide/­en/­elasticsearch/­reference/­current/­index.htmlapacheignite.readme.io/­docsdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerdocs.tigergraph.com
DeveloperElasticApache Software FoundationMicrosoft8Kdata
Initial release20102015201920172016
Current release8.6, January 2023Apache Ignite 2.6cloud service with continuous releases
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoElastic LicenseOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercialcommercialOpen Source infoAGPL-V3
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaC++, Java, .NetC++Java
Server operating systemsAll OS with a Java VMLinux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
hostedLinuxAll OS with a Java 7 VM
Data schemeschema-free infoFlexible type definitions. Once a type is defined, it is persistentyesFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)yesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyesyes infostring, integer, double, boolean, date, object_id
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyesyesnono
Secondary indexesyes infoAll search fields are automatically indexedyesall fields are automatically indexed
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like query languageANSI-99 for query and DML statements, subset of DDLKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetSQL-like query language (GSQL)
APIs and other access methodsJava API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
HDFS API
Hibernate
JCache
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary protocol
RESTful HTTP API
Spring Data
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
GSQL (TigerGraph Query Language)
Kafka
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Supported programming languages.Net
Groovy
Community Contributed Clients
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
C#
C++
Java
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
C++
Java
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesyes (compute grid and cache interceptors can be used instead)Yes, possible languages: KQL, Python, Ryes
Triggersyes infoby using the 'percolation' featureyes (cache interceptors and events)yes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicynono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyesyes (replicated cache)yes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsES-Hadoop Connectoryes (compute grid and hadoop accelerator)Spark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparkyes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency infoSynchronous doc based replication. Get by ID may show delays up to 1 sec. Configurable write consistency: one, quorum, allImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynononoyes infoRelationships in graphsno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDnoACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.Memcached and Redis integrationyesnono
User concepts infoAccess controlSecurity Hooks for custom implementationsAzure Active Directory AuthenticationRole-based access controlAccess rights for users and roles

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More resources
ElasticsearchIgniteMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerTigerGraphToroDB
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