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DBMS > Elasticsearch vs. Heroic vs. LokiJS vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer

System Properties Comparison Elasticsearch vs. Heroic vs. LokiJS vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameElasticsearch  Xexclude from comparisonHeroic  Xexclude from comparisonLokiJS  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionA distributed, RESTful modern search and analytics engine based on Apache Lucene infoElasticsearch lets you perform and combine many types of searches such as structured, unstructured, geo, and metricTime Series DBMS built at Spotify based on Cassandra or Google Cloud Bigtable, and ElasticSearchIn-memory JavaScript DBMSFully managed big data interactive analytics platform
Primary database modelSearch engineTime Series DBMSDocument storeRelational DBMS infocolumn oriented
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS
Document store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score135.35
Rank#7  Overall
#1  Search engines
Score0.51
Rank#255  Overall
#21  Time Series DBMS
Score0.43
Rank#264  Overall
#42  Document stores
Score4.38
Rank#77  Overall
#41  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.elastic.co/­elasticsearchgithub.com/­spotify/­heroicgithub.com/­techfort/­LokiJSazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorer
Technical documentationwww.elastic.co/­guide/­en/­elasticsearch/­reference/­current/­index.htmlspotify.github.io/­heroictechfort.github.io/­LokiJSdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer
DeveloperElasticSpotifyMicrosoft
Initial release2010201420142019
Current release8.6, January 2023cloud service with continuous releases
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoElastic LicenseOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Sourcecommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononoyes
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageJavaJavaJavaScript
Server operating systemsAll OS with a Java VMserver-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js)hosted
Data schemeschema-free infoFlexible type definitions. Once a type is defined, it is persistentschema-freeschema-freeFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesnoyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononoyes
Secondary indexesyes infoAll search fields are automatically indexedyes infovia Elasticsearchyes infovia viewsall fields are automatically indexed
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like query languagenonoKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subset
APIs and other access methodsJava API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
HQL (Heroic Query Language, a JSON-based language)
HTTP API
JavaScript APIMicrosoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
Supported programming languages.Net
Groovy
Community Contributed Clients
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
JavaScript.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesnoView functions in JavaScriptYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, R
Triggersyes infoby using the 'percolation' featurenoyesyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicy
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingnoneSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud service
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyesyesnoneyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsES-Hadoop ConnectornoyesSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-spark
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency infoSynchronous doc based replication. Get by ID may show delays up to 1 sec. Configurable write consistency: one, quorum, allEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
noneEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynononono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanonono infoatomic operations within a single collection possibleno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes infoSerialization of a DB in a Node.JS/Cordova/PhoneGap environment. Usage of the IndexedDB-API in a browser.yes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.Memcached and Redis integrationnoyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlnoAzure Active Directory Authentication

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More resources
ElasticsearchHeroicLokiJSMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer
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