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DBMS > Elasticsearch vs. HBase vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. OpenQM vs. Trafodion

System Properties Comparison Elasticsearch vs. HBase vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. OpenQM vs. Trafodion

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameElasticsearch  Xexclude from comparisonHBase  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonOpenQM infoalso called QM  Xexclude from comparisonTrafodion  Xexclude from comparison
Apache Trafodion has been retired in 2021. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.
DescriptionA distributed, RESTful modern search and analytics engine based on Apache Lucene infoElasticsearch lets you perform and combine many types of searches such as structured, unstructured, geo, and metricWide-column store based on Apache Hadoop and on concepts of BigTableFully managed big data interactive analytics platformQpenQM is a high-performance, self-tuning, multi-value DBMSTransactional SQL-on-Hadoop DBMS
Primary database modelSearch engineWide column storeRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedMultivalue DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS
Document store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score135.35
Rank#7  Overall
#1  Search engines
Score30.50
Rank#26  Overall
#2  Wide column stores
Score4.38
Rank#77  Overall
#41  Relational DBMS
Score0.27
Rank#298  Overall
#10  Multivalue DBMS
Websitewww.elastic.co/­elasticsearchhbase.apache.orgazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerwww.rocketsoftware.com/­products/­rocket-multivalue-application-development-platform/­rocket-open-qmtrafodion.apache.org
Technical documentationwww.elastic.co/­guide/­en/­elasticsearch/­reference/­current/­index.htmlhbase.apache.org/­book.htmldocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorertrafodion.apache.org/­documentation.html
DeveloperElasticApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by PowersetMicrosoftRocket Software, originally Martin PhillipsApache Software Foundation, originally developed by HP
Initial release20102008201919932014
Current release8.6, January 20232.3.4, January 2021cloud service with continuous releases3.4-122.3.0, February 2019
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoElastic LicenseOpen Source infoApache version 2commercialOpen Source infoGPLv2, extended commercial license availableOpen Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageJavaJavaC++, Java
Server operating systemsAll OS with a Java VMLinux
Unix
Windows infousing Cygwin
hostedAIX
FreeBSD
Linux
macOS
Raspberry Pi
Solaris
Windows
Linux
Data schemeschema-free infoFlexible type definitions. Once a type is defined, it is persistentschema-free, schema definition possibleFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)yes infowith some exceptionsyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesoptions to bring your own types, AVROyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyesyesno
Secondary indexesyes infoAll search fields are automatically indexednoall fields are automatically indexedyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like query languagenoKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetnoyes
APIs and other access methodsJava API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Java API
RESTful HTTP API
Thrift
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languages.Net
Groovy
Community Contributed Clients
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
C
C#
C++
Groovy
Java
PHP
Python
Scala
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
.Net
Basic
C
Java
Objective C
PHP
Python
All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC/ADO.Net
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesyes infoCoprocessors in JavaYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, RyesJava Stored Procedures
Triggersyes infoby using the 'percolation' featureyesyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicyyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceyesSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyesMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
yes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.yesyes, via HBase
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsES-Hadoop ConnectoryesSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparknoyes infovia user defined functions and HBase
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency infoSynchronous doc based replication. Get by ID may show delays up to 1 sec. Configurable write consistency: one, quorum, allImmediate Consistency or Eventual ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonononoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoSingle row ACID (across millions of columns)noACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.Memcached and Redis integrationyesnono
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess Control Lists (ACL) for RBAC, integration with Apache Ranger for RBAC & ABACAzure Active Directory AuthenticationAccess rights can be defined down to the item levelfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
ElasticsearchHBaseMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerOpenQM infoalso called QMTrafodion
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