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DBMS > Elasticsearch vs. HBase vs. IRONdb vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer

System Properties Comparison Elasticsearch vs. HBase vs. IRONdb vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameElasticsearch  Xexclude from comparisonHBase  Xexclude from comparisonIRONdb  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparison
IRONdb seems to be discontinued. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.
DescriptionA distributed, RESTful modern search and analytics engine based on Apache Lucene infoElasticsearch lets you perform and combine many types of searches such as structured, unstructured, geo, and metricWide-column store based on Apache Hadoop and on concepts of BigTableA distributed Time Series DBMS with a focus on scalability, fault tolerance and operational simplicityFully managed big data interactive analytics platform
Primary database modelSearch engineWide column storeTime Series DBMSRelational DBMS infocolumn oriented
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS
Document store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score132.83
Rank#7  Overall
#1  Search engines
Score27.97
Rank#26  Overall
#2  Wide column stores
Score3.80
Rank#81  Overall
#43  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.elastic.co/­elasticsearchhbase.apache.orgwww.circonus.com/solutions/time-series-database/azure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorer
Technical documentationwww.elastic.co/­guide/­en/­elasticsearch/­reference/­current/­index.htmlhbase.apache.org/­book.htmldocs.circonus.com/irondb/category/getting-starteddocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer
DeveloperElasticApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by PowersetCirconus LLC.Microsoft
Initial release2010200820172019
Current release8.6, January 20232.3.4, January 2021V0.10.20, January 2018cloud service with continuous releases
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoElastic LicenseOpen Source infoApache version 2commercialcommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononoyes
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageJavaJavaC and C++
Server operating systemsAll OS with a Java VMLinux
Unix
Windows infousing Cygwin
Linuxhosted
Data schemeschema-free infoFlexible type definitions. Once a type is defined, it is persistentschema-free, schema definition possibleschema-freeFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesoptions to bring your own types, AVROyes infotext, numeric, histogramsyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononoyes
Secondary indexesyes infoAll search fields are automatically indexednonoall fields are automatically indexed
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like query languagenoSQL-like query language (Circonus Analytics Query Language: CAQL)Kusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subset
APIs and other access methodsJava API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Java API
RESTful HTTP API
Thrift
HTTP APIMicrosoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
Supported programming languages.Net
Groovy
Community Contributed Clients
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
C
C#
C++
Groovy
Java
PHP
Python
Scala
.Net
C
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
Lisp
Lua
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Rust
Scala
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesyes infoCoprocessors in Javayes, in LuaYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, R
Triggersyes infoby using the 'percolation' featureyesnoyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicy
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingAutomatic, metric affinity per nodeSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud service
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyesMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
configurable replication factor, datacenter awareyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsES-Hadoop ConnectoryesnoSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-spark
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency infoSynchronous doc based replication. Get by ID may show delays up to 1 sec. Configurable write consistency: one, quorum, allImmediate Consistency or Eventual ConsistencyImmediate consistency per node, eventual consistency across nodesEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynononono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoSingle row ACID (across millions of columns)nono
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.Memcached and Redis integrationyesnono
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess Control Lists (ACL) for RBAC, integration with Apache Ranger for RBAC & ABACnoAzure Active Directory Authentication

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More resources
ElasticsearchHBaseIRONdbMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer
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