DBMS > Elasticsearch vs. H2 vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. TerminusDB

System Properties Comparison Elasticsearch vs. H2 vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. TerminusDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

A distributed, RESTful modern search and analytics engine based on Apache Lucene

Elasticsearch lets you perform and combine many types of searches such as structured, unstructured, geo, and metric

Full-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.

Globally distributed, horizontally scalable, multi-model database service

Scalable Graph Database platform making enterprise data available by exploiting inferred entities and relationships

Primary database model

Search engine

Relational DBMS

Document store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Wide column store

Graph DBMS

Secondary database models

Document store
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS

Spatial DBMS

Document store
RDF store

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	128.79
Rank	#8	Overall
	#1	Search engines

Score	7.57
Rank	#47	Overall
	#30	Relational DBMS

Score	24.97
Rank	#27	Overall
	#4	Document stores
	#2	Graph DBMS
	#3	Key-value stores
	#3	Wide column stores

Score	0.19
Rank	#311	Overall
	#27	Graph DBMS

Website

www.elastic.co/elasticsearch

www.h2database.com

azure.microsoft.com/services/cosmos-db

terminusdb.com

Technical documentation

www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/current/index.html

www.h2database.com/html/main.html

learn.microsoft.com/azure/cosmos-db

terminusdb.github.io/terminusdb/#

Developer

Elastic

Thomas Mueller

Microsoft

DataChemist Ltd.

Initial release

2010

2005

2014

2018

Current release

8.6, January 2023

2.2.220, July 2023

11.0.0, January 2023

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Elastic License

Open Source

dual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license)

commercial

Open Source

GPL V3

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Java

Prolog, Rust

Server operating systems

All OS with a Java VM

hosted

Linux

Data scheme

schema-free

Flexible type definitions. Once a type is defined, it is persistent

yes

schema-free

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

JSON types

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

yes

All search fields are automatically indexed

yes

All properties auto-indexed by default

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL-like query language

yes

SQL-like query language

SQL-like query language (WOQL)

APIs and other access methods

Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

JDBC
ODBC

DocumentDB API
Graph API (Gremlin)
MongoDB API
RESTful HTTP API
Table API

OWL
RESTful HTTP API
WOQL (Web Object Query Language)

Supported programming languages

.Net
Groovy
Community Contributed Clients
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby

Java

.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
MongoDB client drivers written for various programming languages
Python

JavaScript
Python

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

Java Stored Procedures and User-Defined Functions

JavaScript

yes

Triggers

yes

by using the 'percolation' feature

yes

JavaScript

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

none

Sharding

Implicit feature of the cloud service

Graph Partitioning

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

yes

With clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a database

yes

Implicit feature of the cloud service

Journaling Streams

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

ES-Hadoop Connector

with Hadoop integration

Integration with Hadoop/HDInsight on Azure*

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Eventual Consistency

Synchronous doc based replication. Get by ID may show delays up to 1 sec. Configurable write consistency: one, quorum, all

Immediate Consistency

Bounded Staleness
Consistent Prefix
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

Consistency level configurable on request level
Session Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Multi-item ACID transactions with snapshot isolation within a partition

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

yes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

in-memory journaling

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

Memcached and Redis integration

yes

User concepts

Access control

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Access rights can be defined down to the item level

Role-based access control

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