DBMS > Elasticsearch vs. H2 vs. IRONdb vs. Oracle NoSQL vs. RDF4J

System Properties Comparison Elasticsearch vs. H2 vs. IRONdb vs. Oracle NoSQL vs. RDF4J

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

IRONdb seems to be discontinued. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.

Description

A distributed, RESTful modern search and analytics engine based on Apache Lucene

Elasticsearch lets you perform and combine many types of searches such as structured, unstructured, geo, and metric

Full-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.

A distributed Time Series DBMS with a focus on scalability, fault tolerance and operational simplicity

A multi-model, scalable, distributed NoSQL database, designed to provide highly reliable, flexible, and available data management across a configurable set of storage nodes

RDF4J is a Java framework for processing RDF data, supporting both memory-based and a disk-based storage.

Primary database model

Search engine

Relational DBMS

Time Series DBMS

Document store
Key-value store
Relational DBMS

RDF store

Secondary database models

Document store
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS

Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	135.35
Rank	#7	Overall
	#1	Search engines

Score	8.13
Rank	#49	Overall
	#31	Relational DBMS

Score	2.95
Rank	#100	Overall
	#17	Document stores
	#17	Key-value stores
	#50	Relational DBMS

Score	0.69
Rank	#230	Overall
	#9	RDF stores

Website

www.elastic.co/elasticsearch

www.h2database.com

www.circonus.com/solutions/time-series-database/

www.oracle.com/database/nosql/technologies/nosql

rdf4j.org

Technical documentation

www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/current/index.html

www.h2database.com/html/main.html

docs.circonus.com/irondb/category/getting-started

docs.oracle.com/en/database/other-databases/nosql-database/index.html

rdf4j.org/documentation

Developer

Elastic

Thomas Mueller

Circonus LLC.

Oracle

Since 2016 officially forked into an Eclipse project, former developer was Aduna Software.

Initial release

2010

2005

2017

2011

2004

Current release

8.6, January 2023

2.2.220, July 2023

V0.10.20, January 2018

23.3, December 2023

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Elastic License

Open Source

dual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license)

commercial

Open Source

Proprietary for Enterprise Edition (Oracle Database EE license has Oracle NoSQL database EE covered: details)

Open Source

Eclipse Distribution License (EDL), v1.0.

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Java

C and C++

Java

Server operating systems

All OS with a Java VM

Linux

Linux
Solaris SPARC/x86

Linux
OS X
Unix
Windows

Data scheme

schema-free

Flexible type definitions. Once a type is defined, it is persistent

yes

schema-free

Support Fixed schema and Schema-less deployment with the ability to interoperate between them.

yes

RDF Schemas

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

text, numeric, histograms

optional

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

yes

All search fields are automatically indexed

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL-like query language

yes

SQL-like query language (Circonus Analytics Query Language: CAQL)

SQL-like DML and DDL statements

APIs and other access methods

Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

JDBC
ODBC

HTTP API

RESTful HTTP API

Java API
RIO

RDF Input/Output
Sail API
SeRQL

Sesame RDF Query Language
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL

Supported programming languages

.Net
Groovy
Community Contributed Clients
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby

Java

.Net
C
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
Lisp
Lua
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Rust
Scala

C
C#
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

Java
PHP
Python

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

Java Stored Procedures and User-Defined Functions

yes, in Lua

yes

Triggers

yes

by using the 'percolation' feature

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

none

Automatic, metric affinity per node

Sharding

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

yes

With clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a database

configurable replication factor, datacenter aware

Electable source-replica replication per shard. Support distributed global deployment with Multi-region table feature

none

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

ES-Hadoop Connector

with Hadoop integration

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Eventual Consistency

Synchronous doc based replication. Get by ID may show delays up to 1 sec. Configurable write consistency: one, quorum, all

Immediate Consistency

Immediate consistency per node, eventual consistency across nodes

Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

depending on configuration

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

configurable

ACID within a storage node (=shard)

ACID

Isolation support depends on the API used

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

yes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

in-memory storage is supported as well

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

Memcached and Redis integration

yes

off heap cache

User concepts

Access control

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Access rights for users and roles

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