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DBMS > Elasticsearch vs. Graphite vs. Lovefield vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. OrientDB

System Properties Comparison Elasticsearch vs. Graphite vs. Lovefield vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. OrientDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameElasticsearch  Xexclude from comparisonGraphite  Xexclude from comparisonLovefield  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonOrientDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionA distributed, RESTful modern search and analytics engine based on Apache Lucene infoElasticsearch lets you perform and combine many types of searches such as structured, unstructured, geo, and metricData logging and graphing tool for time series data infoThe storage layer (fixed size database) is called WhisperEmbeddable relational database for web apps written in pure JavaScriptFully managed big data interactive analytics platformMulti-model DBMS (Document, Graph, Key/Value)
Primary database modelSearch engineTime Series DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedDocument store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS
Document store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score132.83
Rank#7  Overall
#1  Search engines
Score4.83
Rank#67  Overall
#4  Time Series DBMS
Score0.33
Rank#286  Overall
#131  Relational DBMS
Score3.80
Rank#81  Overall
#43  Relational DBMS
Score3.25
Rank#89  Overall
#16  Document stores
#6  Graph DBMS
#13  Key-value stores
Websitewww.elastic.co/­elasticsearchgithub.com/­graphite-project/­graphite-webgoogle.github.io/­lovefieldazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerorientdb.org
Technical documentationwww.elastic.co/­guide/­en/­elasticsearch/­reference/­current/­index.htmlgraphite.readthedocs.iogithub.com/­google/­lovefield/­blob/­master/­docs/­spec_index.mddocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerwww.orientdb.com/­docs/­last/­index.html
DeveloperElasticChris DavisGoogleMicrosoftOrientDB LTD; CallidusCloud; SAP
Initial release20102006201420192010
Current release8.6, January 20232.1.12, February 2017cloud service with continuous releases3.2.29, March 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoElastic LicenseOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoApache 2.0commercialOpen Source infoApache version 2
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageJavaPythonJavaScriptJava
Server operating systemsAll OS with a Java VMLinux
Unix
server-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js) infotested with Chrome, Firefox, IE, SafarihostedAll OS with a Java JDK (>= JDK 6)
Data schemeschema-free infoFlexible type definitions. Once a type is defined, it is persistentyesyesFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)schema-free infoSchema can be enforced for whole record ("schema-full") or for some fields only ("schema-hybrid")
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesNumeric data onlyyesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononoyesno
Secondary indexesyes infoAll search fields are automatically indexednoyesall fields are automatically indexedyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like query languagenoSQL-like query language infovia JavaScript builder patternKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetSQL-like query language, no joins
APIs and other access methodsJava API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
HTTP API
Sockets
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
Tinkerpop technology stack with Blueprints, Gremlin, Pipes
Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Supported programming languages.Net
Groovy
Community Contributed Clients
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
JavaScript.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
.Net
C
C#
C++
Clojure
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesnonoYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, RJava, Javascript
Triggersyes infoby using the 'percolation' featurenoUsing read-only observersyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicyHooks
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingnonenoneSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyesnonenoneyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.Multi-source replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsES-Hadoop ConnectornonoSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparkno infocould be achieved with distributed queries
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency infoSynchronous doc based replication. Get by ID may show delays up to 1 sec. Configurable write consistency: one, quorum, allnoneEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyesnoyes inforelationship in graphs
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanonoACIDnoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes infolockingyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes, by using IndexedDB or the cloud service Firebase Realtime Databaseyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.Memcached and Redis integrationyes infousing MemoryDBno
User concepts infoAccess controlnonoAzure Active Directory AuthenticationAccess rights for users and roles; record level security configurable

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More resources
ElasticsearchGraphiteLovefieldMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerOrientDB
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