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DBMS > Elasticsearch vs. GraphDB vs. Ingres vs. NebulaGraph vs. RDF4J

System Properties Comparison Elasticsearch vs. GraphDB vs. Ingres vs. NebulaGraph vs. RDF4J

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameElasticsearch  Xexclude from comparisonGraphDB infoformer name: OWLIM  Xexclude from comparisonIngres  Xexclude from comparisonNebulaGraph  Xexclude from comparisonRDF4J infoformerly known as Sesame  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionA distributed, RESTful modern search and analytics engine based on Apache Lucene infoElasticsearch lets you perform and combine many types of searches such as structured, unstructured, geo, and metricEnterprise-ready RDF and graph database with efficient reasoning, cluster and external index synchronization support. It supports also SQL JDBC access to Knowledge Graph and GraphQL over SPARQL.Well established RDBMSA distributed, linear scalable, high perfomant Graph DBMSRDF4J is a Java framework for processing RDF data, supporting both memory-based and a disk-based storage.
Primary database modelSearch engineGraph DBMS
RDF store
Relational DBMSGraph DBMSRDF store
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score132.83
Rank#7  Overall
#1  Search engines
Score3.25
Rank#91  Overall
#7  Graph DBMS
#4  RDF stores
Score3.80
Rank#82  Overall
#44  Relational DBMS
Score2.23
Rank#116  Overall
#10  Graph DBMS
Score0.74
Rank#222  Overall
#9  RDF stores
Websitewww.elastic.co/­elasticsearchwww.ontotext.comwww.actian.com/­databases/­ingresgithub.com/­vesoft-inc/­nebula
www.nebula-graph.io
rdf4j.org
Technical documentationwww.elastic.co/­guide/­en/­elasticsearch/­reference/­current/­index.htmlgraphdb.ontotext.com/­documentationdocs.actian.com/­ingresdocs.nebula-graph.iordf4j.org/­documentation
Social network pagesLinkedInTwitterYouTubeGitHubMedium
DeveloperElasticOntotextActian CorporationVesoft Inc.Since 2016 officially forked into an Eclipse project, former developer was Aduna Software.
Initial release201020001974 infooriginally developed at University Berkely in early 1970s20192004
Current release8.6, January 202310.4, October 202311.2, May 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoElastic Licensecommercial infoSome plugins of GraphDB Workbench are open sourcedcommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0 + Common Clause 1.0Open Source infoEclipse Distribution License (EDL), v1.0.
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaJavaCC++Java
Server operating systemsAll OS with a Java VMAll OS with a Java VM
Linux
OS X
Windows
AIX
HP Open VMS
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows
LinuxLinux
OS X
Unix
Windows
Data schemeschema-free infoFlexible type definitions. Once a type is defined, it is persistentschema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema support; RDF shapesyesStrong typed schemayes infoRDF Schemas
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonono infobut tools for importing/exporting data from/to XML-files availableno
Secondary indexesyes infoAll search fields are automatically indexedyes, supports real-time synchronization and indexing in SOLR/Elastic search/Lucene and GeoSPARQL geometry data indexesyesyes infoNebula Graph internally uses the Key-Value store RocksDB for persistency. The vertices, edges, and their properties are stored as Key while their values are stored as Value. The primary indexes are per Key and secondary indexes are per Value.yes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like query languagestored SPARQL accessed as SQL using Apache Calcite through JDBC/ODBCyesSQL-like query languageno
APIs and other access methodsJava API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
GeoSPARQL
GraphQL
GraphQL Federation
Java API
JDBC
RDF4J API
RDFS
RIO
Sail API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL 1.1
.NET Client API
JDBC
ODBC
proprietary protocol (OpenAPI)
Browser interface
console (shell)
Cypher Query Language
GO Object Graph Mapper
Java Object Graph Mapper
NGBatis infoORM framework for NebulaGraph and Spring-Boot
Proprietary native API
Python Object Graph Mapper
Query language nGQL
Java API
RIO infoRDF Input/Output
Sail API
SeRQL infoSesame RDF Query Language
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL
Supported programming languages.Net
Groovy
Community Contributed Clients
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
C#
Clojure
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
.Net
C++
Go
Java
PHP
Python
Java
PHP
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyeswell-defined plugin interfaces; JavaScript server-side extensibilityyesuser defined functionsyes
Triggersyes infoby using the 'percolation' featurenoyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingnonehorizontal partitioning infoIngres Star to access multiple databases simultaneouslyShardingnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyesMulti-source replicationIngres ReplicatorCausal Clustering using Raft protocolnone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsES-Hadoop Connectornononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency infoSynchronous doc based replication. Get by ID may show delays up to 1 sec. Configurable write consistency: one, quorum, allImmediate Consistency, Eventual consistency (configurable in cluster mode per master or individual client request)Immediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyes infoConstraint checkingyesyes infoRelationships in graphs
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDACIDACIDACID infoIsolation support depends on the API used
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes infoMVCCyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes infousing RocksDByes infoin-memory storage is supported as well
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.Memcached and Redis integrationnoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlDefault Basic authentication through RDF4J client, or via Java when run with cURL, default token-based in the Workbench or via Rest API, optional access through OpenID or Kerberos single sign-on.fine grained access rights according to SQL-standardRole-based access controlno
More information provided by the system vendor
ElasticsearchGraphDB infoformer name: OWLIMIngresNebulaGraphRDF4J infoformerly known as Sesame
Specific characteristicsOntotext GraphDB is a semantic database engine that allows organizations to build...
» more
NebulaGraph is a truly distributed, linearly scalable, lightning-fast graph database,...
» more
Competitive advantagesGraphDB allows you to link text and data in big knowledge graphs. It’s easy to experiment...
» more
NebulaGraph boasts the world's only graph database solution that is able to host...
» more
Typical application scenariosMetadata enrichment and management, linked data publishing, semantic inferencing...
» more
Social networking Fraud detection Knowledge graph Data warehouse management Anti...
» more
Key customers​ GraphDB provides a platform for building next-generation AI and Knowledge Graph...
» more
Companies from a variety of industries have implemented NebulaGraph Database in production,...
» more
Market metricsGraphDB is the most utilized semantic triplestore for mission-critical enterprise...
» more
At our very early stage, NebulaGraph has already received over 10,000 stars on GitHub...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsGraphDB Free is a non-commercial version and is free to use. GraphDB Enterprise edition...
» more
NebulaGraph is open source and free to use under Apache 2.0 license.
» more
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