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DBMS > Elasticsearch vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. Graphite vs. Neo4j vs. SurrealDB

System Properties Comparison Elasticsearch vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. Graphite vs. Neo4j vs. SurrealDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameElasticsearch  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonGraphite  Xexclude from comparisonNeo4j  Xexclude from comparisonSurrealDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionA distributed, RESTful modern search and analytics engine based on Apache Lucene infoElasticsearch lets you perform and combine many types of searches such as structured, unstructured, geo, and metricA horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.Data logging and graphing tool for time series data infoThe storage layer (fixed size database) is called WhisperScalable, ACID-compliant graph database designed with a high-performance distributed cluster architecture, available in self-hosted and cloud offeringsA fully ACID transactional, developer-friendly, multi-model DBMS
Primary database modelSearch engine
Vector DBMS
Relational DBMSTime Series DBMSGraph DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score123.81
Rank#9  Overall
#1  Search engines
#1  Vector DBMS
Score2.56
Rank#97  Overall
#50  Relational DBMS
Score4.25
Rank#63  Overall
#4  Time Series DBMS
Score47.91
Rank#20  Overall
#1  Graph DBMS
Score1.08
Rank#176  Overall
#30  Document stores
#16  Graph DBMS
Websitewww.elastic.co/­elasticsearchcloud.google.com/­spannergithub.com/­graphite-project/­graphite-webneo4j.comsurrealdb.com
Technical documentationwww.elastic.co/­guide/­en/­elasticsearch/­reference/­current/­index.htmlcloud.google.com/­spanner/­docsgraphite.readthedocs.ioneo4j.com/­docssurrealdb.com/­docs
DeveloperElasticGoogleChris DavisNeo4j, Inc.SurrealDB Ltd
Initial release20102017200620072022
Current release8.6, January 20235.23, August 2024v1.5.0, May 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoElastic LicensecommercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoGPL version3, commercial licenses availableOpen Source
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageJavaPythonJava, ScalaRust
Server operating systemsAll OS with a Java VMhostedLinux
Unix
Linux infoCan also be used server-less as embedded Java database.
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Linux
macOS
Windows
Data schemeschema-free infoFlexible type definitions. Once a type is defined, it is persistentyesyesschema-free and schema-optionalschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesNumeric data onlyyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonono
Secondary indexesyes infoAll search fields are automatically indexedyesnoyes infopluggable indexing subsystem, by default Apache Lucene
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like query languageyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011nonoSQL-like query language
APIs and other access methodsJava API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
HTTP API
Sockets
Bolt protocol
Cypher query language
Java API
Neo4j-OGM infoObject Graph Mapper
RESTful HTTP API
Spring Data Neo4j
TinkerPop 3
GraphQL
RESTful HTTP API
WebSocket
Supported programming languages.Net
Groovy
Community Contributed Clients
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
.Net
Clojure
Elixir
Go
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
Deno
Go
JavaScript (Node.js)
Rust
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesnonoyes infoUser defined Procedures and Functions
Triggersyes infoby using the 'percolation' featurenonoyes infovia event handler
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingnoneyes using Neo4j Fabric
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyesMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.noneCausal Clustering using Raft protocol infoavailable in in Enterprise Version only
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsES-Hadoop Connectoryes infousing Google Cloud Dataflownonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency infoSynchronous doc based replication. Get by ID may show delays up to 1 sec. Configurable write consistency: one, quorum, allImmediate ConsistencynoneCausal and Eventual Consistency configurable in Causal Cluster setup
Immediate Consistency in stand-alone mode
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integritynoyes infoRelationships in graphs
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACID infoStrict serializable isolationnoACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes infolockingyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.Memcached and Redis integrationno
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)noUsers, roles and permissions. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)yes, based on authentication and database rules
More information provided by the system vendor
ElasticsearchGoogle Cloud SpannerGraphiteNeo4jSurrealDB
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