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DBMS > Elasticsearch vs. GBase vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. Splunk

System Properties Comparison Elasticsearch vs. GBase vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. Splunk

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameElasticsearch  Xexclude from comparisonGBase  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data Warehouse  Xexclude from comparisonSplunk  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionA distributed, RESTful modern search and analytics engine based on Apache Lucene infoElasticsearch lets you perform and combine many types of searches such as structured, unstructured, geo, and metricWidely used RDBMS in China, including analytical, transactional, distributed transactional, and cloud-native data warehousing.Fully managed big data interactive analytics platformElastic, large scale data warehouse service leveraging the broad eco-system of SQL ServerAnalytics Platform for Big Data
Primary database modelSearch engineRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedRelational DBMSSearch engine
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS
Document store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score135.35
Rank#7  Overall
#1  Search engines
Score1.07
Rank#185  Overall
#86  Relational DBMS
Score4.38
Rank#77  Overall
#41  Relational DBMS
Score20.56
Rank#31  Overall
#19  Relational DBMS
Score86.45
Rank#14  Overall
#2  Search engines
Websitewww.elastic.co/­elasticsearchwww.gbase.cnazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerazure.microsoft.com/­services/­synapse-analyticswww.splunk.com
Technical documentationwww.elastic.co/­guide/­en/­elasticsearch/­reference/­current/­index.htmldocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerdocs.microsoft.com/­azure/­synapse-analyticsdocs.splunk.com/­Documentation/­Splunk
DeveloperElasticGeneral Data Technology Co., Ltd.MicrosoftMicrosoftSplunk Inc.
Initial release20102004201920162003
Current release8.6, January 2023GBase 8a, GBase 8s, GBase 8ccloud service with continuous releases
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoElastic Licensecommercialcommercialcommercialcommercial infoLimited free edition and free developer edition available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageJavaC, Java, PythonC++
Server operating systemsAll OS with a Java VMLinuxhostedhostedLinux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Data schemeschema-free infoFlexible type definitions. Once a type is defined, it is persistentyesFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)yesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyesyesnoyes
Secondary indexesyes infoAll search fields are automatically indexedyesall fields are automatically indexedyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like query languageStandard with numerous extensionsKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetyesno infoSplunk Search Processing Language for search commands
APIs and other access methodsJava API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
ADO.NET
C API
JDBC
ODBC
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
HTTP REST
Supported programming languages.Net
Groovy
Community Contributed Clients
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
C#.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
C#
Java
PHP
C#
Java
JavaScript
PHP
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesuser defined functionsYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, RTransact SQLyes
Triggersyes infoby using the 'percolation' featureyesyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicynoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardinghorizontal partitioning (by range, list and hash) and vertical partitioningSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceSharding, horizontal partitioningSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyesyesyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.yesMulti-source replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsES-Hadoop ConnectorSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparknoyes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency infoSynchronous doc based replication. Get by ID may show delays up to 1 sec. Configurable write consistency: one, quorum, allImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesnono infodocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­synapse-analytics/­sql-data-warehouse/­sql-data-warehouse-table-constraintsno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDnoACIDno infoA 'Transaction' in Splunk has a different meaning: grouping related events into a single one for later searching
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.Memcached and Redis integrationnono
User concepts infoAccess controlyesAzure Active Directory AuthenticationyesAccess rights for users and roles

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More resources
ElasticsearchGBaseMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data WarehouseSplunk
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