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DBMS > Elasticsearch vs. GBase vs. Hyprcubd vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. TiDB

System Properties Comparison Elasticsearch vs. GBase vs. Hyprcubd vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. TiDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameElasticsearch  Xexclude from comparisonGBase  Xexclude from comparisonHyprcubd  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonTiDB  Xexclude from comparison
Hyprcubd seems to be discontinued. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines ranking.
DescriptionA distributed, RESTful modern search and analytics engine based on Apache Lucene infoElasticsearch lets you perform and combine many types of searches such as structured, unstructured, geo, and metricWidely used RDBMS in China, including analytical, transactional, distributed transactional, and cloud-native data warehousing.Serverless Time Series DBMSFully managed big data interactive analytics platformTiDB is an open source distributed SQL database that supports Hybrid Transactional/Analytical Processing (HTAP) workloads. It is MySQL compatible and features horizontal scalability, strong consistency, and high availability.
Primary database modelSearch engineRelational DBMSTime Series DBMSRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS
Document store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
Document store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score132.83
Rank#7  Overall
#1  Search engines
Score1.05
Rank#186  Overall
#86  Relational DBMS
Score3.80
Rank#81  Overall
#43  Relational DBMS
Score4.25
Rank#74  Overall
#40  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.elastic.co/­elasticsearchwww.gbase.cnhyprcubd.com (offline)azure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerpingcap.com
Technical documentationwww.elastic.co/­guide/­en/­elasticsearch/­reference/­current/­index.htmldocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerdocs.pingcap.com/­tidb/­stable
DeveloperElasticGeneral Data Technology Co., Ltd.Hyprcubd, Inc.MicrosoftPingCAP, Inc.
Initial release2010200420192016
Current release8.6, January 2023GBase 8a, GBase 8s, GBase 8ccloud service with continuous releases8.1.0, May 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoElastic LicensecommercialcommercialcommercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
TiDB Cloud: Fully-managed TiDB Service. Bring everything great about TiDB to the cloud.
Implementation languageJavaC, Java, PythonGoGo, Rust
Server operating systemsAll OS with a Java VMLinuxhostedhostedLinux
Data schemeschema-free infoFlexible type definitions. Once a type is defined, it is persistentyesyesFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)yes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyes infotime, int, uint, float, stringyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyesnoyesno
Secondary indexesyes infoAll search fields are automatically indexedyesnoall fields are automatically indexedyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like query languageStandard with numerous extensionsSQL-like query languageKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetyes
APIs and other access methodsJava API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
ADO.NET
C API
JDBC
ODBC
gRPC (https)Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
GORM
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary protocol
SQLAlchemy
Supported programming languages.Net
Groovy
Community Contributed Clients
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
C#.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesuser defined functionsnoYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, Rno
Triggersyes infoby using the 'percolation' featureyesnoyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicyno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardinghorizontal partitioning (by range, list and hash) and vertical partitioningSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud servicehorizontal partitioning (by key range)
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyesyesyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.Using Raft consensus algorithm to ensure data replication with strong consistency among multiple replicas.
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsES-Hadoop ConnectornoSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparkyes infowith TiSpark Connector
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency infoSynchronous doc based replication. Get by ID may show delays up to 1 sec. Configurable write consistency: one, quorum, allImmediate ConsistencyEventual ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesnonoyes infofull support since version 6.6
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDnonoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesnoyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.Memcached and Redis integrationnonono
User concepts infoAccess controlyestoken accessAzure Active Directory AuthenticationFine grained access rights according to SQL-standard
More information provided by the system vendor
ElasticsearchGBaseHyprcubdMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerTiDB
Specific characteristicsTiDB is an advanced open-source, distributed SQL database for modern application...
» more
Competitive advantages- HORIZONTAL SCALING : TiDB grants total transparency into your data workloads without...
» more
Typical application scenariosTiDB is ideal for transactional applications that require extreme scalability and...
» more
Key customersBlock, Pinterest, Catalyst, Bolt, Flipkart, Capcom, Shopee (E-commerce), JD Cloud...
» more
Market metrics34K+ GitHub stars 5K+ members in TiDB Community Slack 1K+ community contributors...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsTiDB Community : Free open source software (Apache 2.0) TiDB Self-Hosted : Enterprise...
» more

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More resources
ElasticsearchGBaseHyprcubdMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerTiDB
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