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DBMS > Apache Impala vs. Elasticsearch vs. etcd vs. Firebase Realtime Database vs. Microsoft Azure AI Search

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. Elasticsearch vs. etcd vs. Firebase Realtime Database vs. Microsoft Azure AI Search

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonElasticsearch  Xexclude from comparisonetcd  Xexclude from comparisonFirebase Realtime Database  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure AI Search  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for HadoopA distributed, RESTful modern search and analytics engine based on Apache Lucene infoElasticsearch lets you perform and combine many types of searches such as structured, unstructured, geo, and metricA distributed reliable key-value storeCloud-hosted realtime document store. iOS, Android, and JavaScript clients share one Realtime Database instance and automatically receive updates with the newest data.Search-as-a-service for web and mobile app development
Primary database modelRelational DBMSSearch engineKey-value storeDocument storeSearch engine
Secondary database modelsDocument storeDocument store
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS
Vector DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score13.77
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score135.35
Rank#7  Overall
#1  Search engines
Score7.25
Rank#54  Overall
#5  Key-value stores
Score14.29
Rank#39  Overall
#6  Document stores
Score5.59
Rank#63  Overall
#7  Search engines
Websiteimpala.apache.orgwww.elastic.co/­elasticsearchetcd.io
github.com/­etcd-io/­etcd
firebase.google.com/­products/­realtime-databaseazure.microsoft.com/­en-us/­services/­search
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmlwww.elastic.co/­guide/­en/­elasticsearch/­reference/­current/­index.htmletcd.io/­docs
github.com/­etcd-io/­etcd/­tree/­master/­Documentation
firebase.google.com/­docs/­databaselearn.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­search
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaElasticGoogle infoacquired by Google 2014Microsoft
Initial release2013201020122015
Current release4.1.0, June 20228.6, January 20233.4, August 2019V1
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoElastic LicenseOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0commercialcommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononoyesyes
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageC++JavaGo
Server operating systemsLinuxAll OS with a Java VMFreeBSD
Linux
Windows infoexperimental
hostedhosted
Data schemeyesschema-free infoFlexible type definitions. Once a type is defined, it is persistentschema-freeschema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesnoyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonononono
Secondary indexesyesyes infoAll search fields are automatically indexednoyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsSQL-like query languagenonono
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
gRPC
JSON over HTTP
Android
iOS
JavaScript API
RESTful HTTP API
RESTful HTTP API
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBC.Net
Groovy
Community Contributed Clients
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
C
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Rust
Scala
Tcl
Java
JavaScript
Objective-C
C#
Java
JavaScript
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reduceyesnolimited functionality with using 'rules'no
Triggersnoyes infoby using the 'percolation' featureyes, watching key changesCallbacks are triggered when data changesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud service
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factoryesUsing Raft consensus algorithm to ensure data replication with strong consistency among multiple replicas.yes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReduceES-Hadoop Connectornonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyEventual Consistency infoSynchronous doc based replication. Get by ID may show delays up to 1 sec. Configurable write consistency: one, quorum, allImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency infoif the client is offline
Immediate Consistency infoif the client is online
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonononono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanononoyesno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noMemcached and Redis integrationnono
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and Kerberosnoyes, based on authentication and database rulesyes infousing Azure authentication

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More resources
Apache ImpalaElasticsearchetcdFirebase Realtime DatabaseMicrosoft Azure AI Search
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