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DBMS > Apache Impala vs. Elasticsearch vs. Firebase Realtime Database vs. Microsoft Azure AI Search vs. Tarantool

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. Elasticsearch vs. Firebase Realtime Database vs. Microsoft Azure AI Search vs. Tarantool

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonElasticsearch  Xexclude from comparisonFirebase Realtime Database  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure AI Search  Xexclude from comparisonTarantool  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for HadoopA distributed, RESTful modern search and analytics engine based on Apache Lucene infoElasticsearch lets you perform and combine many types of searches such as structured, unstructured, geo, and metricCloud-hosted realtime document store. iOS, Android, and JavaScript clients share one Realtime Database instance and automatically receive updates with the newest data.Search-as-a-service for web and mobile app developmentIn-memory computing platform with a flexible data schema for efficiently building high-performance applications
Primary database modelRelational DBMSSearch engineDocument storeSearch engineDocument store
Key-value store
Relational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument storeDocument store
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS
Vector DBMSSpatial DBMS infowith Tarantool/GIS extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score13.77
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score135.35
Rank#7  Overall
#1  Search engines
Score14.29
Rank#39  Overall
#6  Document stores
Score5.59
Rank#63  Overall
#7  Search engines
Score1.72
Rank#144  Overall
#25  Document stores
#25  Key-value stores
#66  Relational DBMS
Websiteimpala.apache.orgwww.elastic.co/­elasticsearchfirebase.google.com/­products/­realtime-databaseazure.microsoft.com/­en-us/­services/­searchwww.tarantool.io
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmlwww.elastic.co/­guide/­en/­elasticsearch/­reference/­current/­index.htmlfirebase.google.com/­docs/­databaselearn.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­searchwww.tarantool.io/­en/­doc
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaElasticGoogle infoacquired by Google 2014MicrosoftVK
Initial release20132010201220152008
Current release4.1.0, June 20228.6, January 2023V12.10.0, May 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoElastic LicensecommercialcommercialOpen Source infoBSD-2, source-available extensions (modules), commercial licenses for Tarantool Enterprise
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageC++JavaC and C++
Server operating systemsLinuxAll OS with a Java VMhostedhostedBSD
Linux
macOS
Data schemeyesschema-free infoFlexible type definitions. Once a type is defined, it is persistentschema-freeyesFlexible data schema: relational definition for tables with ability to store json-like documents in columns
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesstring, double, decimal, uuid, integer, blob, boolean, datetime
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonononono
Secondary indexesyesyes infoAll search fields are automatically indexedyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsSQL-like query languagenonoFull-featured ANSI SQL support
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Android
iOS
JavaScript API
RESTful HTTP API
RESTful HTTP APIOpen binary protocol
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBC.Net
Groovy
Community Contributed Clients
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Java
JavaScript
Objective-C
C#
Java
JavaScript
Python
C
C#
C++
Erlang
Go
Java
JavaScript
Lua
Perl
PHP
Python
Rust
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reduceyeslimited functionality with using 'rules'noLua, C and SQL stored procedures
Triggersnoyes infoby using the 'percolation' featureCallbacks are triggered when data changesnoyes, before/after data modification events, on replication events, client session events
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceSharding, partitioned with virtual buckets by user defined affinity key. Live resharding for scale up and scale down without maintenance downtime.
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factoryesyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceAsynchronous replication with multi-master option
Configurable replication topology (full-mesh, chain, star)
Synchronous quorum replication (with Raft)
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReduceES-Hadoop Connectornono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyEventual Consistency infoSynchronous doc based replication. Get by ID may show delays up to 1 sec. Configurable write consistency: one, quorum, allEventual Consistency infoif the client is offline
Immediate Consistency infoif the client is online
Immediate ConsistencyCasual consistency across sharding partitions
Eventual consistency within replicaset partition infowhen using asyncronous replication
Immediate Consistency within single instance
Sequential consistency including linearizable read within replicaset partition infowhen using Raft
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonononoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanonoyesnoACID, with serializable isolation and linearizable read (within partition); Configurable MVCC (within partition); No cross-shard distributed transactions
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes, cooperative multitasking
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes, write ahead logging
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noMemcached and Redis integrationnoyes, full featured in-memory storage engine with persistence
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and Kerberosyes, based on authentication and database rulesyes infousing Azure authenticationAccess Control Lists
Mutual TLS authentication for Tarantol Enterprise
Password based authentication
Role-based access control (RBAC) and LDAP for Tarantol Enterprise
Users and Roles

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More resources
Apache ImpalaElasticsearchFirebase Realtime DatabaseMicrosoft Azure AI SearchTarantool
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