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DBMS > Elasticsearch vs. Firebase Realtime Database vs. H2 vs. HyperSQL vs. Oracle Berkeley DB

System Properties Comparison Elasticsearch vs. Firebase Realtime Database vs. H2 vs. HyperSQL vs. Oracle Berkeley DB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameElasticsearch  Xexclude from comparisonFirebase Realtime Database  Xexclude from comparisonH2  Xexclude from comparisonHyperSQL infoalso known as HSQLDB  Xexclude from comparisonOracle Berkeley DB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionA distributed, RESTful modern search and analytics engine based on Apache Lucene infoElasticsearch lets you perform and combine many types of searches such as structured, unstructured, geo, and metricCloud-hosted realtime document store. iOS, Android, and JavaScript clients share one Realtime Database instance and automatically receive updates with the newest data.Full-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.Multithreaded, transactional RDBMS written in Java infoalso known as HSQLDBWidely used in-process key-value store
Primary database modelSearch engineDocument storeRelational DBMSRelational DBMSKey-value store infosupports sorted and unsorted key sets
Native XML DBMS infoin the Oracle Berkeley DB XML version
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score132.83
Rank#7  Overall
#1  Search engines
Score13.64
Rank#39  Overall
#6  Document stores
Score8.33
Rank#46  Overall
#30  Relational DBMS
Score3.23
Rank#93  Overall
#48  Relational DBMS
Score2.01
Rank#126  Overall
#21  Key-value stores
#3  Native XML DBMS
Websitewww.elastic.co/­elasticsearchfirebase.google.com/­products/­realtime-databasewww.h2database.comhsqldb.orgwww.oracle.com/­database/­technologies/­related/­berkeleydb.html
Technical documentationwww.elastic.co/­guide/­en/­elasticsearch/­reference/­current/­index.htmlfirebase.google.com/­docs/­databasewww.h2database.com/­html/­main.htmlhsqldb.org/­web/­hsqlDocsFrame.htmldocs.oracle.com/­cd/­E17076_05/­html/­index.html
DeveloperElasticGoogle infoacquired by Google 2014Thomas MuellerOracle infooriginally developed by Sleepycat, which was acquired by Oracle
Initial release20102012200520011994
Current release8.6, January 20232.2.220, July 20232.7.2, June 202318.1.40, May 2020
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoElastic LicensecommercialOpen Source infodual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license)Open Source infobased on BSD licenseOpen Source infocommercial license available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaJavaJavaC, Java, C++ (depending on the Berkeley DB edition)
Server operating systemsAll OS with a Java VMhostedAll OS with a Java VMAll OS with a Java VM infoEmbedded (into Java applications) and Client-Server operating modesAIX
Android
FreeBSD
iOS
Linux
OS X
Solaris
VxWorks
Windows
Data schemeschema-free infoFlexible type definitions. Once a type is defined, it is persistentschema-freeyesyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesno
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonononoyes infoonly with the Berkeley DB XML edition
Secondary indexesyes infoAll search fields are automatically indexedyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like query languagenoyesyesyes infoSQL interfaced based on SQLite is available
APIs and other access methodsJava API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Android
iOS
JavaScript API
RESTful HTTP API
JDBC
ODBC
HTTP API infoJDBC via HTTP
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languages.Net
Groovy
Community Contributed Clients
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Java
JavaScript
Objective-C
JavaAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBC
Java
.Net infoFigaro is a .Net framework assembly that extends Berkeley DB XML into an embeddable database engine for .NET
others infoThird-party libraries to manipulate Berkeley DB files are available for many languages
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js) info3rd party binding
Perl
Python
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyeslimited functionality with using 'rules'Java Stored Procedures and User-Defined FunctionsJava, SQLno
Triggersyes infoby using the 'percolation' featureCallbacks are triggered when data changesyesyesyes infoonly for the SQL API
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingnonenonenone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyesWith clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a databasenoneSource-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsES-Hadoop Connectornononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency infoSynchronous doc based replication. Get by ID may show delays up to 1 sec. Configurable write consistency: one, quorum, allEventual Consistency infoif the client is offline
Immediate Consistency infoif the client is online
Immediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyesyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoyesACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.Memcached and Redis integrationyesyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlyes, based on authentication and database rulesfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardno

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More resources
ElasticsearchFirebase Realtime DatabaseH2HyperSQL infoalso known as HSQLDBOracle Berkeley DB
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