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DBMS > EXASOL vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. Oracle Berkeley DB vs. RDF4J

System Properties Comparison EXASOL vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. Oracle Berkeley DB vs. RDF4J

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameEXASOL  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data Warehouse  Xexclude from comparisonOracle Berkeley DB  Xexclude from comparisonRDF4J infoformerly known as Sesame  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionHigh-performance, in-memory, MPP database specifically designed for in-memory analytics.Fully managed big data interactive analytics platformElastic, large scale data warehouse service leveraging the broad eco-system of SQL ServerWidely used in-process key-value storeRDF4J is a Java framework for processing RDF data, supporting both memory-based and a disk-based storage.
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedRelational DBMSKey-value store infosupports sorted and unsorted key sets
Native XML DBMS infoin the Oracle Berkeley DB XML version
RDF store
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.99
Rank#124  Overall
#58  Relational DBMS
Score4.38
Rank#77  Overall
#41  Relational DBMS
Score20.56
Rank#31  Overall
#19  Relational DBMS
Score2.21
Rank#117  Overall
#20  Key-value stores
#3  Native XML DBMS
Score0.69
Rank#230  Overall
#9  RDF stores
Websitewww.exasol.comazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerazure.microsoft.com/­services/­synapse-analyticswww.oracle.com/­database/­technologies/­related/­berkeleydb.htmlrdf4j.org
Technical documentationwww.exasol.com/­resourcesdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerdocs.microsoft.com/­azure/­synapse-analyticsdocs.oracle.com/­cd/­E17076_05/­html/­index.htmlrdf4j.org/­documentation
DeveloperExasolMicrosoftMicrosoftOracle infooriginally developed by Sleepycat, which was acquired by OracleSince 2016 officially forked into an Eclipse project, former developer was Aduna Software.
Initial release20002019201619942004
Current releasecloud service with continuous releases18.1.40, May 2020
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialcommercialcommercialOpen Source infocommercial license availableOpen Source infoEclipse Distribution License (EDL), v1.0.
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++C, Java, C++ (depending on the Berkeley DB edition)Java
Server operating systemshostedhostedAIX
Android
FreeBSD
iOS
Linux
OS X
Solaris
VxWorks
Windows
Linux
OS X
Unix
Windows
Data schemeyesFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)yesschema-freeyes infoRDF Schemas
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyesnoyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyesnoyes infoonly with the Berkeley DB XML edition
Secondary indexesyesall fields are automatically indexedyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetyesyes infoSQL interfaced based on SQLite is availableno
APIs and other access methods.Net
JDBC
ODBC
WebSocket
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Java API
RIO infoRDF Input/Output
Sail API
SeRQL infoSesame RDF Query Language
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL
Supported programming languagesJava
Lua
Python
R
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
C#
Java
PHP
.Net infoFigaro is a .Net framework assembly that extends Berkeley DB XML into an embeddable database engine for .NET
others infoThird-party libraries to manipulate Berkeley DB files are available for many languages
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js) info3rd party binding
Perl
Python
Tcl
Java
PHP
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresuser defined functionsYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, RTransact SQLnoyes
Triggersyesyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicynoyes infoonly for the SQL APIyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceSharding, horizontal partitioningnonenone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.yesSource-replica replicationnone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoHadoop integrationSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparknonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnono infodocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­synapse-analytics/­sql-data-warehouse/­sql-data-warehouse-table-constraintsno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnoACIDACIDACID infoIsolation support depends on the API used
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes infoin-memory storage is supported as well
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesnoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles according to SQL-standardAzure Active Directory Authenticationyesnono

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More resources
EXASOLMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data WarehouseOracle Berkeley DBRDF4J infoformerly known as Sesame
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