DBMS > EXASOL vs. eXtremeDB vs. GraphDB vs. HBase vs. Snowflake

System Properties Comparison EXASOL vs. eXtremeDB vs. GraphDB vs. HBase vs. Snowflake

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

High-performance, in-memory, MPP database specifically designed for in-memory analytics.

Natively in-memory DBMS with options for persistency, high-availability and clustering

Enterprise-ready RDF and graph database with efficient reasoning, cluster and external index synchronization support. It supports also SQL JDBC access to Knowledge Graph and GraphQL over SPARQL.

Wide-column store based on Apache Hadoop and on concepts of BigTable

Cloud-based data warehousing service for structured and semi-structured data

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Relational DBMS
Time Series DBMS

Graph DBMS
RDF store

Wide column store

Relational DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	1.76
Rank	#139	Overall
	#62	Relational DBMS

Score	0.80
Rank	#214	Overall
	#99	Relational DBMS
	#18	Time Series DBMS

Score	3.25
Rank	#91	Overall
	#7	Graph DBMS
	#4	RDF stores

Score	27.97
Rank	#26	Overall
	#2	Wide column stores

Score	130.36
Rank	#8	Overall
	#5	Relational DBMS

Website

Technical documentation

www.exasol.com/resources

www.mcobject.com/docs/extremedb.htm

graphdb.ontotext.com/documentation

hbase.apache.org/book.html

docs.snowflake.net/manuals/index.html

Social network pages

Developer

Exasol

McObject

Ontotext

Apache Software Foundation

Apache top-level project, originally developed by Powerset

Snowflake Computing Inc.

Initial release

2000

2001

2000

2008

2014

Current release

8.2, 2021

10.4, October 2023

2.3.4, January 2021

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Some plugins of GraphDB Workbench are open sourced

Open Source

Apache version 2

commercial

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

C and C++

Java

Server operating systems

AIX
HP-UX
Linux
macOS
Solaris
Windows

All OS with a Java VM
Linux
OS X
Windows

Linux
Unix
Windows

using Cygwin

hosted

Data scheme

yes

schema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema support; RDF shapes

schema-free, schema definition possible

yes

support of semi-structured data formats (JSON, XML, Avro)

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

options to bring your own types, AVRO

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

support of XML interfaces available

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

yes, supports real-time synchronization and indexing in SOLR/Elastic search/Lucene and GeoSPARQL geometry data indexes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

with the option: eXtremeSQL

stored SPARQL accessed as SQL using Apache Calcite through JDBC/ODBC

yes

APIs and other access methods

.Net
JDBC
ODBC
WebSocket

.NET Client API
JDBC
JNI
ODBC
Proprietary protocol
RESTful HTTP API

GeoSPARQL
GraphQL
GraphQL Federation
Java API
JDBC
RDF4J API
RDFS
RIO
Sail API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL 1.1

Java API
RESTful HTTP API
Thrift

CLI Client
JDBC
ODBC

Supported programming languages

Java
Lua
Python
R

.Net
C
C#
C++
Java
Lua
Python
Scala

.Net
C#
Clojure
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala

C
C#
C++
Groovy
Java
PHP
Python
Scala

JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

user defined functions

yes

well-defined plugin interfaces; JavaScript server-side extensibility

yes

Coprocessors in Java

user defined functions

Triggers

yes

by defining events

yes

similar concept for controling cloud resources

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

horizontal partitioning / sharding

none

Sharding

yes

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Active Replication Fabric™ for IoT
Multi-source replication

by means of eXtremeDB Cluster option
Source-replica replication

by means of eXtremeDB High Availability option

Multi-source replication

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

yes

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

Hadoop integration

yes

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Immediate Consistency, Eventual consistency (configurable in cluster mode per master or individual client request)

Immediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Constraint checking

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Single row ACID (across millions of columns)

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Optimistic (MVCC) and pessimistic (locking) strategies available

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Access rights for users, groups and roles according to SQL-standard

Default Basic authentication through RDF4J client, or via Java when run with cURL, default token-based in the Workbench or via Rest API, optional access through OpenID or Kerberos single sign-on.

Access Control Lists (ACL) for RBAC, integration with Apache Ranger for RBAC & ABAC

Users with fine-grained authorization concept, user roles and pluggable authentication

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

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Competitive advantages

eXtremeDB databases can be modeled relationally or as objects and can utilize SQL...
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GraphDB allows you to link text and data in big knowledge graphs. It’s easy to experiment...
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Typical application scenarios

IoT application across all markets: Industrial Control, Netcom, Telecom, Defense,...
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Metadata enrichment and management, linked data publishing, semantic inferencing...
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Key customers

Schneider Electronics, F5 Networks, TNS, Boeing, Northrop Grumman, GoPro, ViaSat,...
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GraphDB provides a platform for building next-generation AI and Knowledge Graph...
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Market metrics

With hundreds of customers and over 30 million devices/applications using the product...
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GraphDB is the most utilized semantic triplestore for mission-critical enterprise...
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Licensing and pricing models

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and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.