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DBMS > EXASOL vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. IRONdb vs. Oracle Berkeley DB vs. RDF4J

System Properties Comparison EXASOL vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. IRONdb vs. Oracle Berkeley DB vs. RDF4J

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameEXASOL  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonIRONdb  Xexclude from comparisonOracle Berkeley DB  Xexclude from comparisonRDF4J infoformerly known as Sesame  Xexclude from comparison
IRONdb seems to be discontinued. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.
DescriptionHigh-performance, in-memory, MPP database specifically designed for in-memory analytics.A horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.A distributed Time Series DBMS with a focus on scalability, fault tolerance and operational simplicityWidely used in-process key-value storeRDF4J is a Java framework for processing RDF data, supporting both memory-based and a disk-based storage.
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSTime Series DBMSKey-value store infosupports sorted and unsorted key sets
Native XML DBMS infoin the Oracle Berkeley DB XML version
RDF store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.99
Rank#124  Overall
#58  Relational DBMS
Score2.89
Rank#103  Overall
#52  Relational DBMS
Score2.21
Rank#117  Overall
#20  Key-value stores
#3  Native XML DBMS
Score0.69
Rank#230  Overall
#9  RDF stores
Websitewww.exasol.comcloud.google.com/­spannerwww.circonus.com/solutions/time-series-database/www.oracle.com/­database/­technologies/­related/­berkeleydb.htmlrdf4j.org
Technical documentationwww.exasol.com/­resourcescloud.google.com/­spanner/­docsdocs.circonus.com/irondb/category/getting-starteddocs.oracle.com/­cd/­E17076_05/­html/­index.htmlrdf4j.org/­documentation
DeveloperExasolGoogleCirconus LLC.Oracle infooriginally developed by Sleepycat, which was acquired by OracleSince 2016 officially forked into an Eclipse project, former developer was Aduna Software.
Initial release20002017201719942004
Current releaseV0.10.20, January 201818.1.40, May 2020
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialcommercialcommercialOpen Source infocommercial license availableOpen Source infoEclipse Distribution License (EDL), v1.0.
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC and C++C, Java, C++ (depending on the Berkeley DB edition)Java
Server operating systemshostedLinuxAIX
Android
FreeBSD
iOS
Linux
OS X
Solaris
VxWorks
Windows
Linux
OS X
Unix
Windows
Data schemeyesyesschema-freeschema-freeyes infoRDF Schemas
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyes infotext, numeric, histogramsnoyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononoyes infoonly with the Berkeley DB XML edition
Secondary indexesyesyesnoyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011SQL-like query language (Circonus Analytics Query Language: CAQL)yes infoSQL interfaced based on SQLite is availableno
APIs and other access methods.Net
JDBC
ODBC
WebSocket
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
HTTP APIJava API
RIO infoRDF Input/Output
Sail API
SeRQL infoSesame RDF Query Language
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL
Supported programming languagesJava
Lua
Python
R
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
.Net
C
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
Lisp
Lua
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Rust
Scala
.Net infoFigaro is a .Net framework assembly that extends Berkeley DB XML into an embeddable database engine for .NET
others infoThird-party libraries to manipulate Berkeley DB files are available for many languages
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js) info3rd party binding
Perl
Python
Tcl
Java
PHP
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresuser defined functionsnoyes, in Luanoyes
Triggersyesnonoyes infoonly for the SQL APIyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingAutomatic, metric affinity per nodenonenone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.configurable replication factor, datacenter awareSource-replica replicationnone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoHadoop integrationyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflownonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate consistency per node, eventual consistency across nodes
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integritynono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACID infoStrict serializable isolationnoACIDACID infoIsolation support depends on the API used
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes infoin-memory storage is supported as well
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesnonoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles according to SQL-standardAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)nonono

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More resources
EXASOLGoogle Cloud SpannerIRONdbOracle Berkeley DBRDF4J infoformerly known as Sesame
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