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DBMS > EXASOL vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. Hazelcast vs. RethinkDB vs. Stardog

System Properties Comparison EXASOL vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. Hazelcast vs. RethinkDB vs. Stardog

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameEXASOL  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonHazelcast  Xexclude from comparisonRethinkDB  Xexclude from comparisonStardog  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionHigh-performance, in-memory, MPP database specifically designed for in-memory analytics.A horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.A widely adopted in-memory data gridDBMS for the Web with a mechanism to push updated query results to applications in realtime.Enterprise Knowledge Graph platform and graph DBMS with high availability, high performance reasoning, and virtualization
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSKey-value storeDocument storeGraph DBMS
RDF store
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoJSON support with IMDG 3.12Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.99
Rank#124  Overall
#58  Relational DBMS
Score2.89
Rank#103  Overall
#52  Relational DBMS
Score5.97
Rank#57  Overall
#6  Key-value stores
Score2.74
Rank#105  Overall
#19  Document stores
Score2.02
Rank#123  Overall
#11  Graph DBMS
#6  RDF stores
Websitewww.exasol.comcloud.google.com/­spannerhazelcast.comrethinkdb.comwww.stardog.com
Technical documentationwww.exasol.com/­resourcescloud.google.com/­spanner/­docshazelcast.org/­imdg/­docsrethinkdb.com/­docsdocs.stardog.com
DeveloperExasolGoogleHazelcastThe Linux Foundation infosince July 2017Stardog-Union
Initial release20002017200820092010
Current release5.3.6, November 20232.4.1, August 20207.3.0, May 2020
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialcommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2; commercial licenses availableOpen Source infoApache Version 2commercial info60-day fully-featured trial license; 1-year fully-featured non-commercial use license for academics/students
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageJavaC++Java
Server operating systemshostedAll OS with a Java VMLinux
OS X
Windows
Linux
macOS
Windows
Data schemeyesyesschema-freeschema-freeschema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema support
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes infostring, binary, float, bool, date, geometryyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyes infothe object must implement a serialization strategynono infoImport/export of XML data possible
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyesyes infosupports real-time indexing in full-text and geospatial
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011SQL-like query languagenoYes, compatible with all major SQL variants through dedicated BI/SQL Server
APIs and other access methods.Net
JDBC
ODBC
WebSocket
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
JCache
JPA
Memcached protocol
RESTful HTTP API
GraphQL query language
HTTP API
Jena RDF API
OWL
RDF4J API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SNARL
SPARQL
Spring Data
Stardog Studio
TinkerPop 3
Supported programming languagesJava
Lua
Python
R
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
.Net
C#
C++
Clojure
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Scala
C infocommunity-supported driver
C# infocommunity-supported driver
C++ infocommunity-supported driver
Clojure infocommunity-supported driver
Dart infocommunity-supported driver
Erlang infocommunity-supported driver
Go infocommunity-supported driver
Haskell infocommunity-supported driver
Java infoofficial driver
JavaScript (Node.js) infoofficial driver
Lisp infocommunity-supported driver
Lua infocommunity-supported driver
Objective-C infocommunity-supported driver
Perl infocommunity-supported driver
PHP infocommunity-supported driver
Python infoofficial driver
Ruby infoofficial driver
Scala infocommunity-supported driver
.Net
Clojure
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresuser defined functionsnoyes infoEvent Listeners, Executor Servicesuser defined functions and aggregates, HTTP Server extensions in Java
Triggersyesnoyes infoEventsClient-side triggers through changefeedsyes infovia event handlers
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingShardingSharding inforange basednone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.yes infoReplicated MapSource-replica replicationMulti-source replication in HA-Cluster
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoHadoop integrationyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflowyesyesno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency selectable by user infoRaft Consensus AlgorithmImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency in HA-Cluster
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integritynonoyes inforelationships in graphs
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACID infoStrict serializable isolationone or two-phase-commit; repeatable reads; read commitedAtomic single-document operationsACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes infoMVCC basedyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesnoyesnoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles according to SQL-standardAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)Role-based access controlyes infousers and table-level permissionsAccess rights for users and roles

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More resources
EXASOLGoogle Cloud SpannerHazelcastRethinkDBStardog
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