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DBMS > EXASOL vs. Google Cloud Bigtable vs. HugeGraph vs. MarkLogic vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics

System Properties Comparison EXASOL vs. Google Cloud Bigtable vs. HugeGraph vs. MarkLogic vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameEXASOL  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Bigtable  Xexclude from comparisonHugeGraph  Xexclude from comparisonMarkLogic  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data Warehouse  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionHigh-performance, in-memory, MPP database specifically designed for in-memory analytics.Google's NoSQL Big Data database service. It's the same database that powers many core Google services, including Search, Analytics, Maps, and Gmail.A fast-speed and highly-scalable Graph DBMSOperational and transactional Enterprise NoSQL databaseElastic, large scale data warehouse service leveraging the broad eco-system of SQL Server
Primary database modelRelational DBMSKey-value store
Wide column store
Graph DBMSDocument store
Native XML DBMS
RDF store infoas of version 7
Search engine
Relational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.76
Rank#139  Overall
#62  Relational DBMS
Score3.15
Rank#95  Overall
#14  Key-value stores
#8  Wide column stores
Score0.17
Rank#335  Overall
#31  Graph DBMS
Score5.18
Rank#63  Overall
#11  Document stores
#1  Native XML DBMS
#1  RDF stores
#7  Search engines
Score19.93
Rank#31  Overall
#19  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.exasol.comcloud.google.com/­bigtablegithub.com/­hugegraph
hugegraph.apache.org
www.marklogic.comazure.microsoft.com/­services/­synapse-analytics
Technical documentationwww.exasol.com/­resourcescloud.google.com/­bigtable/­docshugegraph.apache.org/­docsdocs.marklogic.comdocs.microsoft.com/­azure/­synapse-analytics
DeveloperExasolGoogleBaiduMarkLogic Corp.Microsoft
Initial release20002015201820012016
Current release0.911.0, December 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialcommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0commercial inforestricted free version is availablecommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnonoyes
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageJavaC++C++
Server operating systemshostedLinux
macOS
Unix
Linux
OS X
Windows
hosted
Data schemeyesschema-freeyesschema-free infoSchema can be enforcedyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesnoyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononoyesno
Secondary indexesyesnoyes infoalso supports composite index and range indexyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesnonoyes infoSQL92yes
APIs and other access methods.Net
JDBC
ODBC
WebSocket
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HappyBase (Python library)
HBase compatible API (Java)
Java API
RESTful HTTP API
TinkerPop Gremlin
Java API
Node.js Client API
ODBC
proprietary Optic API infoProprietary Query API, introduced with version 9
RESTful HTTP API
SPARQL
WebDAV
XDBC
XQuery
XSLT
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languagesJava
Lua
Python
R
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Groovy
Java
Python
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
C#
Java
PHP
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresuser defined functionsnoasynchronous Gremlin script jobsyes infovia XQuery or JavaScriptTransact SQL
Triggersyesnonoyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingyes infodepending on used storage backend, e.g. Cassandra and HBaseShardingSharding, horizontal partitioning
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesInternal replication in Colossus, and regional replication between two clusters in different zonesyes infodepending on used storage backend, e.g. Cassandra and HBaseyesyes
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoHadoop integrationyesvia hugegraph-sparkyes infovia Hadoop Connector, HDFS Direct Access and in-database MapReduce jobsno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate consistency (for a single cluster), Eventual consistency (for two or more replicated clusters)Eventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnoyes infoedges in graphnono infodocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­synapse-analytics/­sql-data-warehouse/­sql-data-warehouse-table-constraints
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDAtomic single-row operationsACIDACID infocan act as a resource manager in an XA/JTA transactionACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesnoyesyes, with Range Indexes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles according to SQL-standardAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)Users, roles and permissionsRole-based access control at the document and subdocument levelsyes

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More resources
EXASOLGoogle Cloud BigtableHugeGraphMarkLogicMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data Warehouse
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