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DBMS > EXASOL vs. Google BigQuery vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. OpenTSDB vs. Virtuoso

System Properties Comparison EXASOL vs. Google BigQuery vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. OpenTSDB vs. Virtuoso

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameEXASOL  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle BigQuery  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft SQL Server  Xexclude from comparisonOpenTSDB  Xexclude from comparisonVirtuoso  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionHigh-performance, in-memory, MPP database specifically designed for in-memory analytics.Large scale data warehouse service with append-only tablesMicrosofts flagship relational DBMSScalable Time Series DBMS based on HBaseVirtuoso is a multi-model hybrid-RDBMS that supports management of data represented as relational tables and/or property graphs
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSTime Series DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Native XML DBMS
Relational DBMS
RDF store
Search engine
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.99
Rank#124  Overall
#58  Relational DBMS
Score60.38
Rank#19  Overall
#13  Relational DBMS
Score824.29
Rank#3  Overall
#3  Relational DBMS
Score1.68
Rank#146  Overall
#12  Time Series DBMS
Score4.26
Rank#78  Overall
#13  Document stores
#4  Graph DBMS
#2  Native XML DBMS
#42  Relational DBMS
#2  RDF stores
#9  Search engines
Websitewww.exasol.comcloud.google.com/­bigquerywww.microsoft.com/­en-us/­sql-serveropentsdb.netvirtuoso.openlinksw.com
Technical documentationwww.exasol.com/­resourcescloud.google.com/­bigquery/­docslearn.microsoft.com/­en-US/­sql/­sql-serveropentsdb.net/­docs/­build/­html/­index.htmldocs.openlinksw.com/­virtuoso
DeveloperExasolGoogleMicrosoftcurrently maintained by Yahoo and other contributorsOpenLink Software
Initial release20002010198920111998
Current releaseSQL Server 2022, November 20227.2.11, September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercialcommercialcommercial inforestricted free version is availableOpen Source infoLGPLOpen Source infoGPLv2, extended commercial license available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageC++JavaC
Server operating systemshostedLinux
Windows
Linux
Windows
AIX
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Data schemeyesyesyesschema-freeyes infoSQL - Standard relational schema
RDF - Quad (S, P, O, G) or Triple (S, P, O)
XML - DTD, XML Schema
DAV - freeform filesystem objects, plus User Defined Types a/k/a Dynamic Extension Type
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesnumeric data for metrics, strings for tagsyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyesnoyes
Secondary indexesyesnoyesnoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesyesyesnoyes infoSQL-92, SQL-200x, SQL-3, SQLX
APIs and other access methods.Net
JDBC
ODBC
WebSocket
RESTful HTTP/JSON APIADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)
HTTP API
Telnet API
ADO.NET
GeoSPARQL
HTTP API
JDBC
Jena RDF API
ODBC
OLE DB
RDF4J API
RESTful HTTP API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SOAP webservices
SPARQL 1.1
WebDAV
XPath
XQuery
XSLT
Supported programming languagesJava
Lua
Python
R
.Net
Java
JavaScript
Objective-C
PHP
Python
Ruby
C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic
Erlang
Go
Java
Python
R
Ruby
.Net
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Visual Basic
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresuser defined functionsuser defined functions infoin JavaScriptTransact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Javanoyes infoVirtuoso PL
Triggersyesnoyesnoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingnonetables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federationSharding infobased on HBaseyes
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyes, but depending on the SQL-Server Editionselectable replication factor infobased on HBaseChain, star, and bi-directional replication
Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoHadoop integrationnononoyes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency infobased on HBaseImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnoyesnoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDno infoSince BigQuery is designed for querying dataACIDnoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesnoyesnoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles according to SQL-standardAccess privileges (owner, writer, reader) on dataset, table or view level infoGoogle Cloud Identity & Access Management (IAM)fine grained access rights according to SQL-standardnoFine-grained Attribute-Based Access Control (ABAC) in addition to typical coarse-grained Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) according to SQL-standard. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)
More information provided by the system vendor
EXASOLGoogle BigQueryMicrosoft SQL ServerOpenTSDBVirtuoso
Specific characteristicsVirtuoso is a modern multi-model RDBMS for managing data represented as tabular relations...
» more
Competitive advantagesPerformance & Scale — as exemplified by DBpedia and the LOD Cloud it spawned, i.e.,...
» more
Typical application scenariosUsed for — Analytics/BI Conceptual Data Virtualization Enterprise Knowledge Graphs...
» more
Key customersBroad use across enterprises and governments including — European Union (EU) US Government...
» more
Market metricsLargest installed-base ​of Multi-Model RDBMS for AI-friendly Knowledge Graphs Platform...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsAvailable in both Commercial Enterprise and Open Source (GPL v2) Editions Feature...
» more

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More resources
EXASOLGoogle BigQueryMicrosoft SQL ServerOpenTSDBVirtuoso
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