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DBMS > EXASOL vs. Firebird vs. FoundationDB vs. Google Cloud Datastore vs. Tarantool

System Properties Comparison EXASOL vs. Firebird vs. FoundationDB vs. Google Cloud Datastore vs. Tarantool

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameEXASOL  Xexclude from comparisonFirebird  Xexclude from comparisonFoundationDB  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Datastore  Xexclude from comparisonTarantool  Xexclude from comparison
Created as commercial project in 2013, FoundationDB has been acquired by Apple in March 2015 and was withdrawn from the market. As a consequence, the product was removed from the DB-Engines ranking. In April 2018, Apple open-sourced FoundationDB and it therefore reappears in the ranking.
DescriptionHigh-performance, in-memory, MPP database specifically designed for in-memory analytics.Firebird is an open source RDBMS forked from Borland's InterBaseOrdered key-value store. Core features are complimented by layers.Automatically scaling NoSQL Database as a Service (DBaaS) on the Google Cloud PlatformIn-memory computing platform with a flexible data schema for efficiently building high-performance applications
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSDocument store infosupported via specific layer
Key-value store
Relational DBMS infosupported via specific SQL-layer
Document storeDocument store
Key-value store
Relational DBMS
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMS infowith Tarantool/GIS extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.76
Rank#139  Overall
#62  Relational DBMS
Score20.50
Rank#30  Overall
#18  Relational DBMS
Score1.06
Rank#185  Overall
#31  Document stores
#28  Key-value stores
#85  Relational DBMS
Score4.36
Rank#72  Overall
#12  Document stores
Score1.67
Rank#143  Overall
#25  Document stores
#25  Key-value stores
#65  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.exasol.comwww.firebirdsql.orggithub.com/­apple/­foundationdbcloud.google.com/­datastorewww.tarantool.io
Technical documentationwww.exasol.com/­resourceswww.firebirdsql.org/­en/­reference-manualsapple.github.io/­foundationdbcloud.google.com/­datastore/­docswww.tarantool.io/­en/­doc
DeveloperExasolFirebird FoundationFoundationDBGoogleVK
Initial release20002000 infoAs fork of Borland's InterBase201320082008
Current release5.0.0, January 20246.2.28, November 20202.10.0, May 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoInitial Developer's Public LicenseOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercialOpen Source infoBSD-2, source-available extensions (modules), commercial licenses for Tarantool Enterprise
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageC and C++C++C and C++
Server operating systemsAIX
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
server-less infoFirebird Embedded Server
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
hostedBSD
Linux
macOS
Data schemeyesyesschema-free infosome layers support schemasschema-freeFlexible data schema: relational definition for tables with ability to store json-like documents in columns
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesno infosome layers support typingyes, details herestring, double, decimal, uuid, integer, blob, boolean, datetime
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonono
Secondary indexesyesyesnoyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesyessupported in specific SQL layer onlySQL-like query language (GQL)Full-featured ANSI SQL support
APIs and other access methods.Net
JDBC
ODBC
WebSocket
ADO.NET
C/C++ API
JDBC infoJaybird
ODBC
OLE DB
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Open binary protocol
Supported programming languagesJava
Lua
Python
R
C
C#
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Lua
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
PHP
Python
Ruby
Swift
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
C
C#
C++
Erlang
Go
Java
JavaScript
Lua
Perl
PHP
Python
Rust
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresuser defined functionsPSQLin SQL-layer onlyusing Google App EngineLua, C and SQL stored procedures
TriggersyesyesnoCallbacks using the Google Apps Engineyes, before/after data modification events, on replication events, client session events
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingnoneShardingShardingSharding, partitioned with virtual buckets by user defined affinity key. Live resharding for scale up and scale down without maintenance downtime.
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesSource-replica replicationyesMulti-source replication using PaxosAsynchronous replication with multi-master option
Configurable replication topology (full-mesh, chain, star)
Synchronous quorum replication (with Raft)
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoHadoop integrationnonoyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflow
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyLinearizable consistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on type of query and configuration infoStrong Consistency is default for entity lookups and queries within an Entity Group (but can instead be made eventually consistent). Other queries are always eventual consistent.Casual consistency across sharding partitions
Eventual consistency within replicaset partition infowhen using asyncronous replication
Immediate Consistency within single instance
Sequential consistency including linearizable read within replicaset partition infowhen using Raft
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyesin SQL-layer onlyyes infovia ReferenceProperties or Ancestor pathsyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDACID infoSerializable Isolation within Transactions, Read Committed outside of TransactionsACID, with serializable isolation and linearizable read (within partition); Configurable MVCC (within partition); No cross-shard distributed transactions
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes infoFeatures a multi-generational MVCC architecture, readers do not block writersyesyesyes, cooperative multitasking
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes, write ahead logging
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesnoyes, full featured in-memory storage engine with persistence
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles according to SQL-standardUsers with fine-grained authorization conceptnoAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)Access Control Lists
Mutual TLS authentication for Tarantol Enterprise
Password based authentication
Role-based access control (RBAC) and LDAP for Tarantol Enterprise
Users and Roles

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More resources
EXASOLFirebirdFoundationDBGoogle Cloud DatastoreTarantool
DB-Engines blog posts

Data processing speed and reliability: in-memory synchronous replication
9 November 2021,  Vladimir Perepelytsya, Tarantool (sponsor) 

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