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DBMS > EJDB vs. FoundationDB vs. GraphDB vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Postgres-XL

System Properties Comparison EJDB vs. FoundationDB vs. GraphDB vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Postgres-XL

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameEJDB  Xexclude from comparisonFoundationDB  Xexclude from comparisonGraphDB infoformer name: OWLIM  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonPostgres-XL  Xexclude from comparison
Created as commercial project in 2013, FoundationDB has been acquired by Apple in March 2015 and was withdrawn from the market. As a consequence, the product was removed from the DB-Engines ranking. In April 2018, Apple open-sourced FoundationDB and it therefore reappears in the ranking.
DescriptionEmbeddable document-store database library with JSON representation of queries (in MongoDB style)Ordered key-value store. Core features are complimented by layers.Enterprise-ready RDF and graph database with efficient reasoning, cluster and external index synchronization support. It supports also SQL JDBC access to Knowledge Graph and GraphQL over SPARQL.Fully managed big data interactive analytics platformBased on PostgreSQL enhanced with MPP and write-scale-out cluster features
Primary database modelDocument storeDocument store infosupported via specific layer
Key-value store
Relational DBMS infosupported via specific SQL-layer
Graph DBMS
RDF store
Relational DBMS infocolumn orientedRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
Document store
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score0.27
Rank#297  Overall
#44  Document stores
Score1.03
Rank#190  Overall
#31  Document stores
#28  Key-value stores
#89  Relational DBMS
Score3.32
Rank#91  Overall
#6  Graph DBMS
#4  RDF stores
Score4.38
Rank#77  Overall
#41  Relational DBMS
Score0.49
Rank#256  Overall
#117  Relational DBMS
Websitegithub.com/­Softmotions/­ejdbgithub.com/­apple/­foundationdbwww.ontotext.comazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerwww.postgres-xl.org
Technical documentationgithub.com/­Softmotions/­ejdb/­blob/­master/­README.mdapple.github.io/­foundationdbgraphdb.ontotext.com/­documentationdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerwww.postgres-xl.org/­documentation
Social network pagesLinkedInTwitterYouTubeGitHubMedium
DeveloperSoftmotionsFoundationDBOntotextMicrosoft
Initial release20122013200020192014 infosince 2012, originally named StormDB
Current release6.2.28, November 202010.4, October 2023cloud service with continuous releases10 R1, October 2018
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoGPLv2Open Source infoApache 2.0commercial infoSome plugins of GraphDB Workbench are open sourcedcommercialOpen Source infoMozilla public license
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageCC++JavaC
Server operating systemsserver-lessLinux
OS X
Windows
All OS with a Java VM
Linux
OS X
Windows
hostedLinux
macOS
Data schemeschema-freeschema-free infosome layers support schemasschema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema support; RDF shapesFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)yes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyes infostring, integer, double, bool, date, object_idno infosome layers support typingyesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyesyes infoXML type, but no XML query functionality
Secondary indexesnonoyes, supports real-time synchronization and indexing in SOLR/Elastic search/Lucene and GeoSPARQL geometry data indexesall fields are automatically indexedyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnosupported in specific SQL layer onlystored SPARQL accessed as SQL using Apache Calcite through JDBC/ODBCKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetyes infodistributed, parallel query execution
APIs and other access methodsin-process shared libraryGeoSPARQL
GraphQL
GraphQL Federation
Java API
JDBC
RDF4J API
RDFS
RIO
Sail API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL 1.1
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
Supported programming languagesActionscript
C
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Lua
Objective-C
Pike
Python
Ruby
.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
PHP
Python
Ruby
Swift
.Net
C#
Clojure
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Erlang
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoin SQL-layer onlywell-defined plugin interfaces; JavaScript server-side extensibilityYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, Ruser defined functions
Triggersnononoyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicyyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingnoneSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud servicehorizontal partitioning
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnoneyesMulti-source replicationyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononoSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparkno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemLinearizable consistencyImmediate Consistency, Eventual consistency (configurable in cluster mode per master or individual client request)Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityno infotypically not needed, however similar functionality with collection joins possiblein SQL-layer onlyyes infoConstraint checkingnoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDACIDnoACID infoMVCC
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayes infoRead/Write Lockingyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nono
User concepts infoAccess controlnonoDefault Basic authentication through RDF4J client, or via Java when run with cURL, default token-based in the Workbench or via Rest API, optional access through OpenID or Kerberos single sign-on.Azure Active Directory Authenticationfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard
More information provided by the system vendor
EJDBFoundationDBGraphDB infoformer name: OWLIMMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerPostgres-XL
Specific characteristicsOntotext GraphDB is a semantic database engine that allows organizations to build...
» more
Competitive advantagesGraphDB allows you to link text and data in big knowledge graphs. It’s easy to experiment...
» more
Typical application scenariosMetadata enrichment and management, linked data publishing, semantic inferencing...
» more
Key customers​ GraphDB provides a platform for building next-generation AI and Knowledge Graph...
» more
Market metricsGraphDB is the most utilized semantic triplestore for mission-critical enterprise...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsGraphDB Free is a non-commercial version and is free to use. GraphDB Enterprise edition...
» more
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