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DBMS > DuckDB vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. Milvus vs. Oracle Berkeley DB

System Properties Comparison DuckDB vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. Milvus vs. Oracle Berkeley DB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameDuckDB  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data Warehouse  Xexclude from comparisonMilvus  Xexclude from comparisonOracle Berkeley DB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAn embeddable, in-process, column-oriented SQL OLAP RDBMSElastic, large scale data warehouse service leveraging the broad eco-system of SQL ServerA DBMS designed for efficient storage of vector data and vector similarity searchesWidely used in-process key-value store
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSVector DBMSKey-value store infosupports sorted and unsorted key sets
Native XML DBMS infoin the Oracle Berkeley DB XML version
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score4.68
Rank#76  Overall
#41  Relational DBMS
Score22.71
Rank#30  Overall
#18  Relational DBMS
Score1.81
Rank#144  Overall
#5  Vector DBMS
Score2.52
Rank#114  Overall
#20  Key-value stores
#3  Native XML DBMS
Websiteduckdb.orgazure.microsoft.com/­services/­synapse-analyticsmilvus.iowww.oracle.com/­database/­technologies/­related/­berkeleydb.html
Technical documentationduckdb.org/­docsdocs.microsoft.com/­azure/­synapse-analyticsmilvus.io/­docs/­overview.mddocs.oracle.com/­cd/­E17076_05/­html/­index.html
DeveloperMicrosoftOracle infooriginally developed by Sleepycat, which was acquired by Oracle
Initial release2018201620191994
Current release0.10, February 20242.3.4, January 202418.1.40, May 2020
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoMIT LicensecommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0Open Source infocommercial license available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Zilliz Cloud – Cloud-native service for Milvus
Implementation languageC++C++C++, GoC, Java, C++ (depending on the Berkeley DB edition)
Server operating systemsserver-lesshostedLinux
macOS info10.14 or later
Windows infowith WSL 2 enabled
AIX
Android
FreeBSD
iOS
Linux
OS X
Solaris
VxWorks
Windows
Data schemeyesyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesVector, Numeric and Stringno
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononoyes infoonly with the Berkeley DB XML edition
Secondary indexesyesyesnoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesyesnoyes infoSQL interfaced based on SQLite is available
APIs and other access methodsArrow Database Connectivity (ADBC)
CLI Client
JDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API
Supported programming languagesC
C# info3rd party driver
C++
Crystal info3rd party driver
Go info3rd party driver
Java
Lisp info3rd party driver
Python
R
Ruby info3rd party driver
Rust
Swift
Zig info3rd party driver
C#
Java
PHP
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
.Net infoFigaro is a .Net framework assembly that extends Berkeley DB XML into an embeddable database engine for .NET
others infoThird-party libraries to manipulate Berkeley DB files are available for many languages
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js) info3rd party binding
Perl
Python
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoTransact SQLnono
Triggersnononoyes infoonly for the SQL API
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneSharding, horizontal partitioningShardingnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnoneyesSource-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyBounded Staleness
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Session Consistency
Tunable Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynono infodocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­synapse-analytics/­sql-data-warehouse/­sql-data-warehouse-table-constraintsnono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDnoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlnoyesRole based access control and fine grained access rightsno
More information provided by the system vendor
DuckDBMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data WarehouseMilvusOracle Berkeley DB
Specific characteristicsMilvus is an open-source and cloud-native vector database built for production-ready...
» more
Competitive advantagesHighly available, versatile, and robust with millisecond latency. Supports batch...
» more
Typical application scenariosRAG: retrieval augmented generation Video media : video understanding, video deduplication....
» more
Key customersMilvus is trusted by thousands of enterprises, including PayPal, eBay, IKEA, LINE,...
» more
Market metricsAs of January 2024, 25k+ GitHub stars 10M+ downloads and installations​ ​ 3k+ enterprise...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsMilvus was released under the open-source Apache License 2.0 in October 2019. Fully-managed...
» more

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More resources
DuckDBMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data WarehouseMilvusOracle Berkeley DB
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