DBMS > DuckDB vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. MonetDB vs. NuoDB vs. Quasardb

System Properties Comparison DuckDB vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. MonetDB vs. NuoDB vs. Quasardb

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

An embeddable, in-process, column-oriented SQL OLAP RDBMS

Globally distributed, horizontally scalable, multi-model database service

A relational database management system that stores data in columns

NuoDB is a webscale distributed database that supports SQL and ACID transactions

Distributed, high-performance timeseries database

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Document store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Wide column store

Relational DBMS

Time Series DBMS

Secondary database models

Spatial DBMS

Document store
Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	4.63
Rank	#69	Overall
	#37	Relational DBMS

Score	27.71
Rank	#27	Overall
	#4	Document stores
	#2	Graph DBMS
	#3	Key-value stores
	#3	Wide column stores

Score	1.72
Rank	#141	Overall
	#64	Relational DBMS

Score	0.94
Rank	#197	Overall
	#92	Relational DBMS

Score	0.21
Rank	#322	Overall
	#29	Time Series DBMS

Website

duckdb.org

azure.microsoft.com/services/cosmos-db

www.monetdb.org

www.3ds.com/nuodb-distributed-sql-database

quasar.ai

Technical documentation

duckdb.org/docs

learn.microsoft.com/azure/cosmos-db

www.monetdb.org/Documentation

doc.nuodb.com

doc.quasar.ai/master

Developer

Microsoft

MonetDB BV

Dassault Systèmes

originally NuoDB, Inc.

quasardb

Initial release

2018

2014

2004

2013

2009

Current release

1.0.0, June 2024

Dec2023 (11.49), December 2023

3.14.1, January 2024

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

MIT License

commercial

Open Source

Mozilla Public License 2.0

commercial

limited edition free

commercial

Free community edition, Non-profit organizations and non-commercial usage are eligible for free licenses

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

C++

Server operating systems

server-less

hosted

FreeBSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows

hosted

Amazon EC2, Windows Azure, SoftLayer
Linux
OS X
Windows

BSD
Linux
OS X
Windows

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

yes

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

JSON types

yes

integer and binary

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

yes

All properties auto-indexed by default

yes

with tags

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

SQL-like query language

yes

SQL 2003 with some extensions

yes

SQL-like query language

APIs and other access methods

Arrow Database Connectivity (ADBC)
CLI Client
JDBC
ODBC

DocumentDB API
Graph API (Gremlin)
MongoDB API
RESTful HTTP API
Table API

JDBC
native C library

MAPI library (MonetDB application programming interface)
ODBC

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC

HTTP API

Supported programming languages

C
C#

3rd party driver
C++
Crystal

3rd party driver
Go

3rd party driver
Java
Lisp

3rd party driver
Python
R
Ruby

3rd party driver
Rust
Swift
Zig

3rd party driver

.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
MongoDB client drivers written for various programming languages
Python

C
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby

.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby

.Net
C
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

JavaScript

yes, in SQL, C, R

Java, SQL

Triggers

JavaScript

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Sharding

Implicit feature of the cloud service

Sharding via remote tables

data is dynamically stored/cached on the nodes where it is read/written

Sharding

consistent hashing

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

none

yes

Implicit feature of the cloud service

none

Source-replica replication available in experimental status

yes

Managed transparently by NuoDB

Source-replica replication with selectable replication factor

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

with Hadoop integration

Integration with Hadoop/HDInsight on Azure*

with Hadoop integration

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Bounded Staleness
Consistent Prefix
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

Consistency level configurable on request level
Session Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Multi-item ACID transactions with snapshot isolation within a partition

ACID

tunable commit protocol

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)

yes

MVCC

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

by using LevelDB

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

Temporary table

yes

Transient mode

User concepts

Access control

Access rights can be defined down to the item level

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Standard SQL roles/ privileges, Administrative Users

Cryptographically strong user authentication and audit trail

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