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DBMS > DuckDB vs. Memcached vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. RavenDB vs. Stardog

System Properties Comparison DuckDB vs. Memcached vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. RavenDB vs. Stardog

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameDuckDB  Xexclude from comparisonMemcached  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonRavenDB  Xexclude from comparisonStardog  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAn embeddable, in-process, column-oriented SQL OLAP RDBMSIn-memory key-value store, originally intended for cachingFully managed big data interactive analytics platformOpen Source Operational and Transactional Enterprise NoSQL Document DatabaseEnterprise Knowledge Graph platform and graph DBMS with high availability, high performance reasoning, and virtualization
Primary database modelRelational DBMSKey-value storeRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedDocument storeGraph DBMS
RDF store
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Time Series DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score5.61
Rank#60  Overall
#34  Relational DBMS
Score16.84
Rank#32  Overall
#4  Key-value stores
Score3.28
Rank#83  Overall
#45  Relational DBMS
Score2.68
Rank#102  Overall
#19  Document stores
Score1.93
Rank#121  Overall
#10  Graph DBMS
#6  RDF stores
Websiteduckdb.orgwww.memcached.orgazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerravendb.netwww.stardog.com
Technical documentationduckdb.org/­docsgithub.com/­memcached/­memcached/­wikidocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerravendb.net/­docsdocs.stardog.com
DeveloperDanga Interactive infooriginally developed by Brad Fitzpatrick for LiveJournalMicrosoftHibernating RhinosStardog-Union
Initial release20182003201920102010
Current release1.0.0, June 20241.6.29, June 2024cloud service with continuous releases5.4, July 20227.3.0, May 2020
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoMIT LicenseOpen Source infoBSD licensecommercialOpen Source infoAGPL version 3, commercial license availablecommercial info60-day fully-featured trial license; 1-year fully-featured non-commercial use license for academics/students
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageC++CC#Java
Server operating systemsserver-lessFreeBSD
Linux
OS X
Unix
Windows
hostedLinux
macOS
Raspberry Pi
Windows
Linux
macOS
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-freeFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)schema-freeschema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema support
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesnoyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesnoyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyesno infoImport/export of XML data possible
Secondary indexesyesnoall fields are automatically indexedyesyes infosupports real-time indexing in full-text and geospatial
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesnoKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetSQL-like query language (RQL)Yes, compatible with all major SQL variants through dedicated BI/SQL Server
APIs and other access methodsArrow Database Connectivity (ADBC)
CLI Client
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary protocolMicrosoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
.NET Client API
F# Client API
Go Client API
Java Client API
NodeJS Client API
PHP Client API
Python Client API
RESTful HTTP API
GraphQL query language
HTTP API
Jena RDF API
OWL
RDF4J API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SNARL
SPARQL
Spring Data
Stardog Studio
TinkerPop 3
Supported programming languagesC
C# info3rd party driver
C++
Crystal info3rd party driver
Go info3rd party driver
Java
Lisp info3rd party driver
Python
R
Ruby info3rd party driver
Rust
Swift
Zig info3rd party driver
.Net
C
C++
ColdFusion
Erlang
Java
Lisp
Lua
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
.Net
C#
F#
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
Clojure
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnonoYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, Ryesuser defined functions and aggregates, HTTP Server extensions in Java
Triggersnonoyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicyyesyes infovia event handlers
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonenoneSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceShardingnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnonenone infoRepcached, a Memcached patch, provides this functionallityyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.Multi-source replicationMulti-source replication in HA-Cluster
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparkyesno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Default ACID transactions on the local node (eventually consistent across the cluster). Atomic operations with cluster-wide ACID transactions. Eventual consistency for indexes and full-text search indexes.Immediate Consistency in HA-Cluster
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonononoyes inforelationships in graphs
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnonoACID, Cluster-wide transaction availableACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesnoyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesnoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlnoyes infousing SASL (Simple Authentication and Security Layer) protocolAzure Active Directory AuthenticationAuthorization levels configured per client per databaseAccess rights for users and roles

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More resources
DuckDBMemcachedMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerRavenDBStardog
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