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DBMS > DuckDB vs. LevelDB vs. Oracle NoSQL vs. Qdrant vs. RDF4J

System Properties Comparison DuckDB vs. LevelDB vs. Oracle NoSQL vs. Qdrant vs. RDF4J

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameDuckDB  Xexclude from comparisonLevelDB  Xexclude from comparisonOracle NoSQL  Xexclude from comparisonQdrant  Xexclude from comparisonRDF4J infoformerly known as Sesame  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAn embeddable, in-process, column-oriented SQL OLAP RDBMSEmbeddable fast key-value storage library that provides an ordered mapping from string keys to string valuesA multi-model, scalable, distributed NoSQL database, designed to provide highly reliable, flexible, and available data management across a configurable set of storage nodesA high-performance vector database with neural network or semantic-based matchingRDF4J is a Java framework for processing RDF data, supporting both memory-based and a disk-based storage.
Primary database modelRelational DBMSKey-value storeDocument store
Key-value store
Relational DBMS
Vector DBMSRDF store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score4.63
Rank#69  Overall
#37  Relational DBMS
Score2.25
Rank#115  Overall
#19  Key-value stores
Score3.05
Rank#97  Overall
#17  Document stores
#16  Key-value stores
#50  Relational DBMS
Score1.28
Rank#167  Overall
#6  Vector DBMS
Score0.74
Rank#222  Overall
#9  RDF stores
Websiteduckdb.orggithub.com/­google/­leveldbwww.oracle.com/­database/­nosql/­technologies/­nosqlgithub.com/­qdrant/­qdrant
qdrant.tech
rdf4j.org
Technical documentationduckdb.org/­docsgithub.com/­google/­leveldb/­blob/­main/­doc/­index.mddocs.oracle.com/­en/­database/­other-databases/­nosql-database/­index.htmlqdrant.tech/­documentationrdf4j.org/­documentation
DeveloperGoogleOracleQdrantSince 2016 officially forked into an Eclipse project, former developer was Aduna Software.
Initial release20182011201120212004
Current release0.10, February 20241.23, February 202123.3, December 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoMIT LicenseOpen Source infoBSDOpen Source infoProprietary for Enterprise Edition (Oracle Database EE license has Oracle NoSQL database EE covered: details)Open Source infoApache Version 2.0Open Source infoEclipse Distribution License (EDL), v1.0.
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++C++JavaRustJava
Server operating systemsserver-lessIllumos
Linux
OS X
Windows
Linux
Solaris SPARC/x86
Docker
Linux
macOS
Windows
Linux
OS X
Unix
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-freeSupport Fixed schema and Schema-less deployment with the ability to interoperate between them.schema-freeyes infoRDF Schemas
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesnooptionalNumbers, Strings, Geo, Booleanyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononono
Secondary indexesyesnoyesyes infoKeywords, numberic ranges, geo, full-textyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesnoSQL-like DML and DDL statementsnono
APIs and other access methodsArrow Database Connectivity (ADBC)
CLI Client
JDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP APIgRPC
OpenAPI 3.0
RESTful HTTP/JSON API infoOpenAPI 3.0
Java API
RIO infoRDF Input/Output
Sail API
SeRQL infoSesame RDF Query Language
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL
Supported programming languagesC
C# info3rd party driver
C++
Crystal info3rd party driver
Go info3rd party driver
Java
Lisp info3rd party driver
Python
R
Ruby info3rd party driver
Rust
Swift
Zig info3rd party driver
C++
Go
Java info3rd party binding
JavaScript (Node.js) info3rd party binding
Python info3rd party binding
C
C#
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Rust
Java
PHP
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnononoyes
Triggersnononoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonenoneShardingShardingnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnonenoneElectable source-replica replication per shard. Support distributed global deployment with Multi-region table featureCollection-level replicationnone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonowith Hadoop integrationnono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infodepending on configuration
Eventual Consistency, tunable consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnoconfigurable infoACID within a storage node (=shard)ACID infoIsolation support depends on the API used
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyes infowith automatic compression on writesyesyesyes infoin-memory storage is supported as well
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesyes infooff heap cacheyes
User concepts infoAccess controlnonoAccess rights for users and rolesKey-based authenticationno

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More resources
DuckDBLevelDBOracle NoSQLQdrantRDF4J infoformerly known as Sesame
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