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DBMS > DuckDB vs. KeyDB vs. Spark SQL vs. Stardog

System Properties Comparison DuckDB vs. KeyDB vs. Spark SQL vs. Stardog

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameDuckDB  Xexclude from comparisonKeyDB  Xexclude from comparisonSpark SQL  Xexclude from comparisonStardog  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAn embeddable, in-process, column-oriented SQL OLAP RDBMSAn ultra-fast, open source Key-value store fully compatible with Redis API, modules, and protocolsSpark SQL is a component on top of 'Spark Core' for structured data processingEnterprise Knowledge Graph platform and graph DBMS with high availability, high performance reasoning, and virtualization
Primary database modelRelational DBMSKey-value storeRelational DBMSGraph DBMS
RDF store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score4.63
Rank#69  Overall
#37  Relational DBMS
Score0.70
Rank#229  Overall
#32  Key-value stores
Score18.04
Rank#33  Overall
#20  Relational DBMS
Score2.07
Rank#122  Overall
#11  Graph DBMS
#6  RDF stores
Websiteduckdb.orggithub.com/­Snapchat/­KeyDB
keydb.dev
spark.apache.org/­sqlwww.stardog.com
Technical documentationduckdb.org/­docsdocs.keydb.devspark.apache.org/­docs/­latest/­sql-programming-guide.htmldocs.stardog.com
DeveloperEQ Alpha Technology Ltd.Apache Software FoundationStardog-Union
Initial release2018201920142010
Current release1.0.0, June 20243.5.0 ( 2.13), September 20237.3.0, May 2020
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoMIT LicenseOpen Source infoBSD-3Open Source infoApache 2.0commercial info60-day fully-featured trial license; 1-year fully-featured non-commercial use license for academics/students
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageC++C++ScalaJava
Server operating systemsserver-lessLinuxLinux
OS X
Windows
Linux
macOS
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-freeyesschema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema support
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyespartial infoSupported data types are strings, hashes, lists, sets and sorted sets, bit arrays, hyperloglogs and geospatial indexesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononono infoImport/export of XML data possible
Secondary indexesyesyes infoby using the Redis Search modulenoyes infosupports real-time indexing in full-text and geospatial
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesnoSQL-like DML and DDL statementsYes, compatible with all major SQL variants through dedicated BI/SQL Server
APIs and other access methodsArrow Database Connectivity (ADBC)
CLI Client
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary protocol infoRESP - REdis Serialization ProtocoJDBC
ODBC
GraphQL query language
HTTP API
Jena RDF API
OWL
RDF4J API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SNARL
SPARQL
Spring Data
Stardog Studio
TinkerPop 3
Supported programming languagesC
C# info3rd party driver
C++
Crystal info3rd party driver
Go info3rd party driver
Java
Lisp info3rd party driver
Python
R
Ruby info3rd party driver
Rust
Swift
Zig info3rd party driver
C
C#
C++
Clojure
Crystal
D
Dart
Elixir
Erlang
Fancy
Go
Haskell
Haxe
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Lisp
Lua
MatLab
Objective-C
OCaml
Pascal
Perl
PHP
Prolog
Pure Data
Python
R
Rebol
Ruby
Rust
Scala
Scheme
Smalltalk
Swift
Tcl
Visual Basic
Java
Python
R
Scala
.Net
Clojure
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoLuanouser defined functions and aggregates, HTTP Server extensions in Java
Triggersnononoyes infovia event handlers
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingyes, utilizing Spark Corenone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnoneMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
noneMulti-source replication in HA-Cluster
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Strong eventual consistency with CRDTs
Immediate Consistency in HA-Cluster
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynononoyes inforelationships in graphs
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDOptimistic locking, atomic execution of commands blocks and scriptsnoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyes infoConfigurable mechanisms for persistency via snapshots and/or operations logsyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesyesnoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlnosimple password-based access control and ACLnoAccess rights for users and roles

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More resources
DuckDBKeyDBSpark SQLStardog
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