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DBMS > DuckDB vs. Ingres vs. Milvus vs. TerarkDB vs. TypeDB

System Properties Comparison DuckDB vs. Ingres vs. Milvus vs. TerarkDB vs. TypeDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameDuckDB  Xexclude from comparisonIngres  Xexclude from comparisonMilvus  Xexclude from comparisonTerarkDB  Xexclude from comparisonTypeDB infoformerly named Grakn  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAn embeddable, in-process, column-oriented SQL OLAP RDBMSWell established RDBMSA DBMS designed for efficient storage of vector data and vector similarity searchesA key-value store forked from RocksDB with advanced compression algorithms. It can be used standalone or as a storage engine for MySQL and MongoDBTypeDB is a strongly-typed database with a rich and logical type system and TypeQL as its query language
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSVector DBMSKey-value storeGraph DBMS
Relational DBMS infoOften described as a 'hyper-relational' database, since it implements the 'Entity-Relationship Paradigm' to manage complex data structures and ontologies.
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score4.63
Rank#69  Overall
#37  Relational DBMS
Score3.80
Rank#82  Overall
#44  Relational DBMS
Score2.78
Rank#103  Overall
#3  Vector DBMS
Score0.08
Rank#367  Overall
#56  Key-value stores
Score0.70
Rank#230  Overall
#20  Graph DBMS
#106  Relational DBMS
Websiteduckdb.orgwww.actian.com/­databases/­ingresmilvus.iogithub.com/­bytedance/­terarkdbtypedb.com
Technical documentationduckdb.org/­docsdocs.actian.com/­ingresmilvus.io/­docs/­overview.mdbytedance.larkoffice.com/­docs/­doccnZmYFqHBm06BbvYgjsHHcKctypedb.com/­docs
DeveloperActian CorporationByteDance, originally TerarkVaticle
Initial release20181974 infooriginally developed at University Berkely in early 1970s201920162016
Current release0.10, February 202411.2, May 20222.3.4, January 20242.26.3, January 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoMIT LicensecommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0commercial inforestricted open source version availableOpen Source infoGPL Version 3, commercial licenses available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Zilliz Cloud – Cloud-native service for Milvus
Implementation languageC++CC++, GoC++Java
Server operating systemsserver-lessAIX
HP Open VMS
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows
Linux
macOS info10.14 or later
Windows infowith WSL 2 enabled
Linux
OS X
Windows
Data schemeyesyesschema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesVector, Numeric and Stringnoyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nono infobut tools for importing/exporting data from/to XML-files availablenonono
Secondary indexesyesyesnonoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesyesnonono
APIs and other access methodsArrow Database Connectivity (ADBC)
CLI Client
JDBC
ODBC
.NET Client API
JDBC
ODBC
proprietary protocol (OpenAPI)
RESTful HTTP APIC++ API
Java API
gRPC protocol
TypeDB Console (shell)
TypeDB Studio (Visualisation software- previously TypeDB Workbase)
Supported programming languagesC
C# info3rd party driver
C++
Crystal info3rd party driver
Go info3rd party driver
Java
Lisp info3rd party driver
Python
R
Ruby info3rd party driver
Rust
Swift
Zig info3rd party driver
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
C++
Java
All JVM based languages
Groovy
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoyesnonono
Triggersnoyesnonono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonehorizontal partitioning infoIngres Star to access multiple databases simultaneouslyShardingnoneSharding infoby using Cassandra
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnoneIngres ReplicatornoneMulti-source replication infoby using Cassandra
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononoyes infoby using Apache Kafka and Apache Zookeeper
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyBounded Staleness
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Session Consistency
Tunable Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesnonono infosubstituted by the relationship feature
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDnonoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yes infoMVCCyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesnoyesyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlnofine grained access rights according to SQL-standardRole based access control and fine grained access rightsnoyes infoat REST API level; other APIs in progress
More information provided by the system vendor
DuckDBIngresMilvusTerarkDBTypeDB infoformerly named Grakn
Specific characteristicsMilvus is an open-source and cloud-native vector database built for production-ready...
» more
TypeDB is a polymorphic database with a conceptual data model, a strong subtyping...
» more
Competitive advantagesHighly available, versatile, and robust with millisecond latency. Supports batch...
» more
TypeDB provides a new level of expressivity, extensibility, interoperability, and...
» more
Typical application scenariosRAG: retrieval augmented generation Video media : video understanding, video deduplication....
» more
Life sciences : TypeDB makes working with biological data much easier and accelerates...
» more
Key customersMilvus is trusted by thousands of enterprises, including PayPal, eBay, IKEA, LINE,...
» more
Market metricsAs of January 2024, 25k+ GitHub stars 10M+ downloads and installations​ ​ 3k+ enterprise...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsMilvus was released under the open-source Apache License 2.0 in October 2019. Fully-managed...
» more
Apache f or language drivers, and AGPL and Commercial for the database server. The...
» more

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More resources
DuckDBIngresMilvusTerarkDBTypeDB infoformerly named Grakn
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