DBMS > DuckDB vs. Immudb vs. Teradata Aster vs. XTDB

System Properties Comparison DuckDB vs. Immudb vs. Teradata Aster vs. XTDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Teradata Aster has been integrated into other Teradata systems and therefore will be removed from the DB-Engines ranking.

Description

An embeddable, in-process, column-oriented SQL OLAP RDBMS

An open source immutable (append-only) database with cryptographic verification which makes it tamper-resistant and fully auditable.

Platform for big data analytics on multistructured data sources and types

A general purpose database with bitemporal SQL and Datalog and graph queries

Primary database model

Secondary database models

Relational DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	4.63
Rank	#69	Overall
	#37	Relational DBMS

Score	0.31
Rank	#295	Overall
	#42	Key-value stores

Score	0.18
Rank	#332	Overall
	#46	Document stores

Website

duckdb.org

github.com/codenotary/immudb
immudb.io

github.com/xtdb/xtdb
www.xtdb.com

Technical documentation

duckdb.org/docs

docs.immudb.io

www.xtdb.com/docs

Developer

Codenotary

Teradata

Juxt Ltd.

Initial release

2018

2020

2005

2019

Current release

1.0.0, June 2024

1.2.3, April 2022

1.19, September 2021

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

MIT License

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

commercial

Open Source

MIT License

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

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Implementation language

C++

Clojure

Server operating systems

server-less

BSD
Linux
macOS
Solaris
Windows
z/OS

Linux

All OS with a Java 8 (and higher) VM
Linux

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

Flexible Schema (defined schema, partial schema, schema free)

defined schema within the relational store; partial schema or schema free in the Aster File Store

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

yes, extensible-data-notation format

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

in Aster File Store

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

SQL-like syntax

yes

limited SQL, making use of Apache Calcite

APIs and other access methods

Arrow Database Connectivity (ADBC)
CLI Client
JDBC
ODBC

gRPC protocol
PostgreSQL wire protocol

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB

HTTP REST
JDBC

Supported programming languages

C
C#

3rd party driver
C++
Crystal

3rd party driver
Go

3rd party driver
Java
Lisp

3rd party driver
Python
R
Ruby

3rd party driver
Rust
Swift
Zig

3rd party driver

.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

C
C#
C++
Java
Python
R

Clojure
Java

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

R packages

Triggers

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Sharding

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

none

yes

Dimension tables are replicated across all nodes in the cluster. The number of replicas for the file store can be configured.

yes, each node contains all data

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

SQL Map-Reduce Framework

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Immediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configuration

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

yes, flexibel persistency by using storage technologies like Apache Kafka, RocksDB or LMDB

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources

Recent citations in the news

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11 June 2024, PR Newswire

DuckDB: The tiny but powerful analytics database
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5 June 2024, The Register

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23 April 2015, The Register

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