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DBMS > DuckDB vs. Immudb vs. Oracle Berkeley DB vs. TinkerGraph

System Properties Comparison DuckDB vs. Immudb vs. Oracle Berkeley DB vs. TinkerGraph

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameDuckDB  Xexclude from comparisonImmudb  Xexclude from comparisonOracle Berkeley DB  Xexclude from comparisonTinkerGraph  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAn embeddable, in-process, column-oriented SQL OLAP RDBMSAn open source immutable (append-only) database with cryptographic verification which makes it tamper-resistant and fully auditable.Widely used in-process key-value storeA lightweight, in-memory graph engine that serves as a reference implementation of the TinkerPop3 API
Primary database modelRelational DBMSKey-value storeKey-value store infosupports sorted and unsorted key sets
Native XML DBMS infoin the Oracle Berkeley DB XML version
Graph DBMS
Secondary database modelsRelational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score4.57
Rank#74  Overall
#40  Relational DBMS
Score0.24
Rank#305  Overall
#43  Key-value stores
Score2.21
Rank#117  Overall
#20  Key-value stores
#3  Native XML DBMS
Score0.08
Rank#348  Overall
#35  Graph DBMS
Websiteduckdb.orggithub.com/­codenotary/­immudb
immudb.io
www.oracle.com/­database/­technologies/­related/­berkeleydb.htmltinkerpop.apache.org/­docs/­current/­reference/­#tinkergraph-gremlin
Technical documentationduckdb.org/­docsdocs.immudb.iodocs.oracle.com/­cd/­E17076_05/­html/­index.html
DeveloperCodenotaryOracle infooriginally developed by Sleepycat, which was acquired by Oracle
Initial release2018202019942009
Current release0.10, February 20241.2.3, April 202218.1.40, May 2020
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoMIT LicenseOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0Open Source infocommercial license availableOpen Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageC++GoC, Java, C++ (depending on the Berkeley DB edition)Java
Server operating systemsserver-lessBSD
Linux
macOS
Solaris
Windows
z/OS
AIX
Android
FreeBSD
iOS
Linux
OS X
Solaris
VxWorks
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-freeschema-freeschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesnoyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyes infoonly with the Berkeley DB XML editionno
Secondary indexesyesyesyesno
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesSQL-like syntaxyes infoSQL interfaced based on SQLite is availableno
APIs and other access methodsArrow Database Connectivity (ADBC)
CLI Client
JDBC
ODBC
gRPC protocol
PostgreSQL wire protocol
TinkerPop 3
Supported programming languagesC
C# info3rd party driver
C++
Crystal info3rd party driver
Go info3rd party driver
Java
Lisp info3rd party driver
Python
R
Ruby info3rd party driver
Rust
Swift
Zig info3rd party driver
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
.Net infoFigaro is a .Net framework assembly that extends Berkeley DB XML into an embeddable database engine for .NET
others infoThird-party libraries to manipulate Berkeley DB files are available for many languages
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js) info3rd party binding
Perl
Python
Tcl
Groovy
Java
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnononono
Triggersnonoyes infoonly for the SQL APIno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingnonenone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnoneSource-replica replicationnone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistencynone
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynononoyes infoRelationships in graphs
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesno
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesoptional
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesnoyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlnonono

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More resources
DuckDBImmudbOracle Berkeley DBTinkerGraph
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