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DBMS > DuckDB vs. GridDB vs. KeyDB vs. NuoDB vs. Virtuoso

System Properties Comparison DuckDB vs. GridDB vs. KeyDB vs. NuoDB vs. Virtuoso

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameDuckDB  Xexclude from comparisonGridDB  Xexclude from comparisonKeyDB  Xexclude from comparisonNuoDB  Xexclude from comparisonVirtuoso  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAn embeddable, in-process, column-oriented SQL OLAP RDBMSScalable in-memory time series database optimized for IoT and Big DataAn ultra-fast, open source Key-value store fully compatible with Redis API, modules, and protocolsNuoDB is a webscale distributed database that supports SQL and ACID transactionsVirtuoso is a multi-model hybrid-RDBMS that supports management of data represented as relational tables and/or property graphs
Primary database modelRelational DBMSTime Series DBMSKey-value storeRelational DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Native XML DBMS
Relational DBMS
RDF store
Search engine
Secondary database modelsKey-value store
Relational DBMS
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score5.61
Rank#60  Overall
#34  Relational DBMS
Score1.91
Rank#123  Overall
#10  Time Series DBMS
Score0.63
Rank#232  Overall
#32  Key-value stores
Score0.87
Rank#201  Overall
#94  Relational DBMS
Score3.99
Rank#75  Overall
#13  Document stores
#4  Graph DBMS
#2  Native XML DBMS
#40  Relational DBMS
#2  RDF stores
#9  Search engines
Websiteduckdb.orggriddb.netgithub.com/­Snapchat/­KeyDB
keydb.dev
www.3ds.com/­nuodb-distributed-sql-databasevirtuoso.openlinksw.com
Technical documentationduckdb.org/­docsdocs.griddb.netdocs.keydb.devdoc.nuodb.comdocs.openlinksw.com/­virtuoso
DeveloperToshiba CorporationEQ Alpha Technology Ltd.Dassault Systèmes infooriginally NuoDB, Inc.OpenLink Software
Initial release20182013201920131998
Current release1.0.0, June 20245.1, August 20227.2.11, September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoMIT LicenseOpen Source infoAGPL version 3 and Apache License, version 2.0 , commercial license (standard and advanced editions) also availableOpen Source infoBSD-3commercial infolimited edition freeOpen Source infoGPLv2, extended commercial license available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageC++C++C++C++C
Server operating systemsserver-lessLinuxLinuxhosted infoAmazon EC2, Windows Azure, SoftLayer
Linux
OS X
Windows
AIX
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Data schemeyesyesschema-freeyesyes infoSQL - Standard relational schema
RDF - Quad (S, P, O, G) or Triple (S, P, O)
XML - DTD, XML Schema
DAV - freeform filesystem objects, plus User Defined Types a/k/a Dynamic Extension Type
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyes infonumerical, string, blob, geometry, boolean, timestamppartial infoSupported data types are strings, hashes, lists, sets and sorted sets, bit arrays, hyperloglogs and geospatial indexesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonononoyes
Secondary indexesyesyesyes infoby using the Redis Search moduleyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesSQL92, SQL-like TQL (Toshiba Query Language)noyesyes infoSQL-92, SQL-200x, SQL-3, SQLX
APIs and other access methodsArrow Database Connectivity (ADBC)
CLI Client
JDBC
ODBC
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary protocol
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Proprietary protocol infoRESP - REdis Serialization ProtocoADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
GeoSPARQL
HTTP API
JDBC
Jena RDF API
ODBC
OLE DB
RDF4J API
RESTful HTTP API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SOAP webservices
SPARQL 1.1
WebDAV
XPath
XQuery
XSLT
Supported programming languagesC
C# info3rd party driver
C++
Crystal info3rd party driver
Go info3rd party driver
Java
Lisp info3rd party driver
Python
R
Ruby info3rd party driver
Rust
Swift
Zig info3rd party driver
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
C
C#
C++
Clojure
Crystal
D
Dart
Elixir
Erlang
Fancy
Go
Haskell
Haxe
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Lisp
Lua
MatLab
Objective-C
OCaml
Pascal
Perl
PHP
Prolog
Pure Data
Python
R
Rebol
Ruby
Rust
Scala
Scheme
Smalltalk
Swift
Tcl
Visual Basic
.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Visual Basic
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnonoLuaJava, SQLyes infoVirtuoso PL
Triggersnoyesnoyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingShardingdata is dynamically stored/cached on the nodes where it is read/writtenyes
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnoneSource-replica replicationMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
yes infoManaged transparently by NuoDBChain, star, and bi-directional replication
Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoConnector for using GridDB as an input source and output destination for Hadoop MapReduce jobsnonoyes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate consistency within container, eventual consistency across containersEventual Consistency
Strong eventual consistency with CRDTs
Immediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynononoyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACID at container levelOptimistic locking, atomic execution of commands blocks and scriptsACID infotunable commit protocolACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesyesyes infoMVCCyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes infoConfigurable mechanisms for persistency via snapshots and/or operations logsyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesyesyesyes infoTemporary tableyes
User concepts infoAccess controlnoAccess rights for users can be defined per databasesimple password-based access control and ACLStandard SQL roles/ privileges, Administrative UsersFine-grained Attribute-Based Access Control (ABAC) in addition to typical coarse-grained Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) according to SQL-standard. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)
More information provided by the system vendor
DuckDBGridDBKeyDBNuoDBVirtuoso
Specific characteristicsVirtuoso is a modern multi-model RDBMS for managing data represented as tabular relations...
» more
Competitive advantagesPerformance & Scale — as exemplified by DBpedia and the LOD Cloud it spawned, i.e.,...
» more
Typical application scenariosUsed for — Analytics/BI Conceptual Data Virtualization Enterprise Knowledge Graphs...
» more
Key customersBroad use across enterprises and governments including — European Union (EU) US Government...
» more
Market metricsLargest installed-base ​of Multi-Model RDBMS for AI-friendly Knowledge Graphs Platform...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsAvailable in both Commercial Enterprise and Open Source (GPL v2) Editions Feature...
» more

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DuckDBGridDBKeyDBNuoDBVirtuoso
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