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DBMS > DuckDB vs. GraphDB vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. Transbase

System Properties Comparison DuckDB vs. GraphDB vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. Transbase

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameDuckDB  Xexclude from comparisonGraphDB infoformer name: OWLIM  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data Warehouse  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft SQL Server  Xexclude from comparisonTransbase  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAn embeddable, in-process, column-oriented SQL OLAP RDBMSEnterprise-ready RDF and graph database with efficient reasoning, cluster and external index synchronization support. It supports also SQL JDBC access to Knowledge Graph and GraphQL over SPARQL.Elastic, large scale data warehouse service leveraging the broad eco-system of SQL ServerMicrosofts flagship relational DBMSA resource-optimized, high-performance, universally applicable RDBMS
Primary database modelRelational DBMSGraph DBMS
RDF store
Relational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score4.57
Rank#74  Overall
#40  Relational DBMS
Score3.32
Rank#91  Overall
#6  Graph DBMS
#4  RDF stores
Score20.56
Rank#31  Overall
#19  Relational DBMS
Score824.29
Rank#3  Overall
#3  Relational DBMS
Score0.11
Rank#341  Overall
#150  Relational DBMS
Websiteduckdb.orgwww.ontotext.comazure.microsoft.com/­services/­synapse-analyticswww.microsoft.com/­en-us/­sql-serverwww.transaction.de/­en/­products/­transbase.html
Technical documentationduckdb.org/­docsgraphdb.ontotext.com/­documentationdocs.microsoft.com/­azure/­synapse-analyticslearn.microsoft.com/­en-US/­sql/­sql-serverwww.transaction.de/­en/­products/­transbase/­features.html
Social network pagesLinkedInTwitterYouTubeGitHubMedium
DeveloperOntotextMicrosoftMicrosoftTransaction Software GmbH
Initial release20182000201619891987
Current release0.10, February 202410.4, October 2023SQL Server 2022, November 2022Transbase 8.3, 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoMIT Licensecommercial infoSome plugins of GraphDB Workbench are open sourcedcommercialcommercial inforestricted free version is availablecommercial infofree development license
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageC++JavaC++C++C and C++
Server operating systemsserver-lessAll OS with a Java VM
Linux
OS X
Windows
hostedLinux
Windows
FreeBSD
Linux
macOS
Solaris
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema support; RDF shapesyesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononoyesno
Secondary indexesyesyes, supports real-time synchronization and indexing in SOLR/Elastic search/Lucene and GeoSPARQL geometry data indexesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesstored SPARQL accessed as SQL using Apache Calcite through JDBC/ODBCyesyesyes
APIs and other access methodsArrow Database Connectivity (ADBC)
CLI Client
JDBC
ODBC
GeoSPARQL
GraphQL
GraphQL Federation
Java API
JDBC
RDF4J API
RDFS
RIO
Sail API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL 1.1
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary native API
Supported programming languagesC
C# info3rd party driver
C++
Crystal info3rd party driver
Go info3rd party driver
Java
Lisp info3rd party driver
Python
R
Ruby info3rd party driver
Rust
Swift
Zig info3rd party driver
.Net
C#
Clojure
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
C#
Java
PHP
C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript
Kotlin
Objective-C
PHP
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnowell-defined plugin interfaces; JavaScript server-side extensibilityTransact SQLTransact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Javayes
Triggersnononoyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonenoneSharding, horizontal partitioningtables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federation
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnoneMulti-source replicationyesyes, but depending on the SQL-Server EditionSource-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency, Eventual consistency (configurable in cluster mode per master or individual client request)Immediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyes infoConstraint checkingno infodocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­synapse-analytics/­sql-data-warehouse/­sql-data-warehouse-table-constraintsyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDACIDyes
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlnoDefault Basic authentication through RDF4J client, or via Java when run with cURL, default token-based in the Workbench or via Rest API, optional access through OpenID or Kerberos single sign-on.yesfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard
More information provided by the system vendor
DuckDBGraphDB infoformer name: OWLIMMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data WarehouseMicrosoft SQL ServerTransbase
Specific characteristicsOntotext GraphDB is a semantic database engine that allows organizations to build...
» more
Competitive advantagesGraphDB allows you to link text and data in big knowledge graphs. It’s easy to experiment...
» more
Typical application scenariosMetadata enrichment and management, linked data publishing, semantic inferencing...
» more
Key customers​ GraphDB provides a platform for building next-generation AI and Knowledge Graph...
» more
Market metricsGraphDB is the most utilized semantic triplestore for mission-critical enterprise...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsGraphDB Free is a non-commercial version and is free to use. GraphDB Enterprise edition...
» more
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We invite representatives of system vendors to contact us for updating and extending the system information,
and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.

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