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DBMS > DuckDB vs. Graph Engine vs. ITTIA vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. Spark SQL

System Properties Comparison DuckDB vs. Graph Engine vs. ITTIA vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. Spark SQL

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameDuckDB  Xexclude from comparisonGraph Engine infoformer name: Trinity  Xexclude from comparisonITTIA  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data Warehouse  Xexclude from comparisonSpark SQL  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAn embeddable, in-process, column-oriented SQL OLAP RDBMSA distributed in-memory data processing engine, underpinned by a strongly-typed RAM store and a general distributed computation engineEdge Time Series DBMS with Real-Time Stream ProcessingElastic, large scale data warehouse service leveraging the broad eco-system of SQL ServerSpark SQL is a component on top of 'Spark Core' for structured data processing
Primary database modelRelational DBMSGraph DBMS
Key-value store
Time Series DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsRelational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score4.63
Rank#69  Overall
#37  Relational DBMS
Score0.67
Rank#232  Overall
#21  Graph DBMS
#34  Key-value stores
Score0.44
Rank#267  Overall
#23  Time Series DBMS
Score19.93
Rank#31  Overall
#19  Relational DBMS
Score18.04
Rank#33  Overall
#20  Relational DBMS
Websiteduckdb.orgwww.graphengine.iowww.ittia.comazure.microsoft.com/­services/­synapse-analyticsspark.apache.org/­sql
Technical documentationduckdb.org/­docswww.graphengine.io/­docs/­manualdocs.microsoft.com/­azure/­synapse-analyticsspark.apache.org/­docs/­latest/­sql-programming-guide.html
DeveloperMicrosoftITTIA L.L.C.MicrosoftApache Software Foundation
Initial release20182010200720162014
Current release1.0.0, June 20248.73.5.0 ( 2.13), September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoMIT LicenseOpen Source infoMIT LicensecommercialcommercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageC++.NET and CC and C++C++Scala
Server operating systemsserver-less.NETLinux
Windows
hostedLinux
OS X
Windows
Data schemeyesyesFixed schemayesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesFloat/Blob/Integer/String/Unicode/Date/Time/Timestamp/Intervalyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonononono
Secondary indexesyesyesyesno
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesnoyesyesSQL-like DML and DDL statements
APIs and other access methodsArrow Database Connectivity (ADBC)
CLI Client
JDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP APIJDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API
WebSocket
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languagesC
C# info3rd party driver
C++
Crystal info3rd party driver
Go info3rd party driver
Java
Lisp info3rd party driver
Python
R
Ruby info3rd party driver
Rust
Swift
Zig info3rd party driver
C#
C++
F#
Visual Basic
C
C++
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
C#
Java
PHP
Java
Python
R
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoyesyesTransact SQLno
Triggersnonononono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonehorizontal partitioningSharding, horizontal partitioningyes, utilizing Spark Core
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnoneyesyesnone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyesno infodocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­synapse-analytics/­sql-data-warehouse/­sql-data-warehouse-table-constraintsno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnoyesACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesoptional: either by committing a write-ahead log (WAL) to the local persistent storage or by dumping the memory to a persistent storageyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesyesyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlnoDatabase file passwordsyesno

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More resources
DuckDBGraph Engine infoformer name: TrinityITTIAMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data WarehouseSpark SQL
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