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DBMS > DuckDB vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. Graph Engine vs. Ignite vs. TerarkDB

System Properties Comparison DuckDB vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. Graph Engine vs. Ignite vs. TerarkDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameDuckDB  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonGraph Engine infoformer name: Trinity  Xexclude from comparisonIgnite  Xexclude from comparisonTerarkDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAn embeddable, in-process, column-oriented SQL OLAP RDBMSA horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.A distributed in-memory data processing engine, underpinned by a strongly-typed RAM store and a general distributed computation engineApache Ignite is a memory-centric distributed database, caching, and processing platform for transactional, analytical, and streaming workloads, delivering in-memory speeds at petabyte scale.A key-value store forked from RocksDB with advanced compression algorithms. It can be used standalone or as a storage engine for MySQL and MongoDB
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSGraph DBMS
Key-value store
Key-value store
Relational DBMS
Key-value store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score4.57
Rank#74  Overall
#40  Relational DBMS
Score2.89
Rank#103  Overall
#52  Relational DBMS
Score0.61
Rank#240  Overall
#21  Graph DBMS
#35  Key-value stores
Score3.16
Rank#96  Overall
#15  Key-value stores
#49  Relational DBMS
Score0.00
Rank#383  Overall
#60  Key-value stores
Websiteduckdb.orgcloud.google.com/­spannerwww.graphengine.ioignite.apache.orggithub.com/­bytedance/­terarkdb
Technical documentationduckdb.org/­docscloud.google.com/­spanner/­docswww.graphengine.io/­docs/­manualapacheignite.readme.io/­docsbytedance.larkoffice.com/­docs/­doccnZmYFqHBm06BbvYgjsHHcKc
DeveloperGoogleMicrosoftApache Software FoundationByteDance, originally Terark
Initial release20182017201020152016
Current release0.10, February 2024Apache Ignite 2.6
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoMIT LicensecommercialOpen Source infoMIT LicenseOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercial inforestricted open source version available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageC++.NET and CC++, Java, .NetC++
Server operating systemsserver-lesshosted.NETLinux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Data schemeyesyesyesyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesno
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononoyesno
Secondary indexesyesyesyesno
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011noANSI-99 for query and DML statements, subset of DDLno
APIs and other access methodsArrow Database Connectivity (ADBC)
CLI Client
JDBC
ODBC
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
RESTful HTTP APIHDFS API
Hibernate
JCache
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary protocol
RESTful HTTP API
Spring Data
C++ API
Java API
Supported programming languagesC
C# info3rd party driver
C++
Crystal info3rd party driver
Go info3rd party driver
Java
Lisp info3rd party driver
Python
R
Ruby info3rd party driver
Rust
Swift
Zig info3rd party driver
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
C#
C++
F#
Visual Basic
C#
C++
Java
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
C++
Java
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnonoyesyes (compute grid and cache interceptors can be used instead)no
Triggersnononoyes (cache interceptors and events)no
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardinghorizontal partitioningShardingnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnoneMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.yes (replicated cache)none
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflowyes (compute grid and hadoop accelerator)no
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integritynonono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACID infoStrict serializable isolationnoACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesoptional: either by committing a write-ahead log (WAL) to the local persistent storage or by dumping the memory to a persistent storageyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesnoyesyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlnoAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)Security Hooks for custom implementationsno

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More resources
DuckDBGoogle Cloud SpannerGraph Engine infoformer name: TrinityIgniteTerarkDB
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